Timely warning after a person was groped on the sidewalk outside Ruggles Hall

To check this alert, Claude Opus 5.5 (an AI) read it in full 25 separate times, independently. Each read decided whether the message answers each of the six questions and gave a short reason. A final reviewer then weighed all 25 and wrote the plain-English verdict you see when you open a row. The score (for example 22/25) is how many reads agreed; the 25 individual reads are tucked underneath if you want to check them.

• Sourcepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, unanimously: the alert names Columbia University Public Safety and its website as the issuing authority.

  Who is sending the alert and who is responding. People act faster on a message from a clearly identifiable, credible sender, such as a named department, the police, or a branded alert system, than on an anonymous notice. A branded signature counts.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: Refers readers to Columbia University Public Safety, the issuing authority.
  2. present: It names CU Public Safety and the Columbia University Public Safety website as the authority.
  3. present: It names "CU Public Safety" and the Columbia University Public Safety website as the responsible authority.
  4. present: Names 'Columbia University Public Safety' / 'CU Public Safety' as the authority, under a 'Neighborhood Alert' tag.
  5. present: Branded "Neighborhood Alert" header and it names Columbia University Public Safety as the handling authority.
  6. present: Branded "Neighborhood Alert" and names CU Public Safety as the contact authority.
  7. present: Tagged 'Neighborhood Alert' and names Columbia University Public Safety as the responsible office.
  8. present: Tagged 'Neighborhood Alert' and names Columbia University Public Safety.
  9. present: It is tagged 'Neighborhood Alert' and names CU Public Safety as the handling office.
  10. present: Tagged 'Neighborhood Alert' and names Columbia University Public Safety as the responsible office.
  11. present: Labeled 'Neighborhood Alert' and names Columbia University Public Safety.
  12. present: Labeled 'Neighborhood Alert' and points to Columbia University Public Safety as the contact authority.
  13. present: It names CU Public Safety as the contact point and source of further information.
  14. present: The "Neighborhood Alert" tag and references to CU Public Safety identify the issuing authority.
  15. present: Names 'CU Public Safety' and the Columbia University Public Safety website as the authority.
  16. present: The tag 'Neighborhood Alert' and the reference to 'CU Public Safety' identify the issuing public safety office.
  17. present: It is labeled 'Neighborhood Alert' and points to Columbia University Public Safety, naming the responsible authority.
  18. present: It carries the 'Neighborhood Alert' label and points to Columbia University Public Safety, which identifies the responsible authority.
  19. present: It carries the 'Neighborhood Alert' tag and names CU Public Safety and the Columbia University Public Safety website as the responsible office.
  20. present: It carries a 'Neighborhood Alert' label and names 'CU Public Safety' as the agency handling the incident information.
  21. present: It carries the 'Neighborhood Alert' label and names CU Public Safety as the responsible office for information.
  22. present: It is labeled 'Neighborhood Alert' and names 'CU Public Safety' and the Columbia University Public Safety website as the responsible authority.
  23. present: The alert names 'CU Public Safety' and the Columbia University Public Safety website as the authority handling the report.
  24. present: The 'Neighborhood Alert' tag and references to 'CU Public Safety' identify the issuing public safety authority.
  25. present: The notice is labeled 'Neighborhood Alert' and directs tips to 'CU Public Safety', naming the responsible campus agency.
• Hazardpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, unanimously: it describes a specific offense, a person who "groped the buttocks" of someone on the sidewalk.

  What the threat actually is. A complete warning names the specific danger, such as a shooter, a fire, a tornado, or a gas leak, rather than a vague emergency, because people decide what to do based on what they are facing.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: Describes a groping, a specific sexual contact offense.
  2. present: It describes a specific crime: a person 'groped the buttocks' of someone.
  3. present: It describes a groping, a specific sexual offense.
  4. present: Describes a specific crime: a person 'groped the buttocks' of a pedestrian.
  5. present: It describes a specific crime: a person "groped the buttocks" of a pedestrian.
  6. present: It describes a specific crime: a person groped an individual.
  7. present: Describes a person who 'groped' someone, a specific sexual offense.
  8. present: Describes a person who 'groped' someone, a specific sexual offense.
  9. present: It describes a groping, a specific sexual contact offense.
  10. present: It names a specific crime: a person 'groped the buttocks' of a pedestrian.
  11. present: It names a groping, a specific sexual offense.
  12. present: It describes a groping, a specific sexual contact offense.
  13. present: It describes a groping, a specific sexual contact offense.
  14. present: It describes a groping, a specific sexual contact crime.
  15. present: Describes a person who 'groped' someone, a specific sexual offense.
  16. present: It states that an unidentified person 'groped the buttocks' of a pedestrian, a specific sexual abuse offense.
  17. present: It states that an unidentified person 'groped the buttocks' of a pedestrian, a specific assault hazard.
  18. present: It names a specific offense: an unidentified person 'groped the buttocks' of someone walking on the sidewalk.
  19. present: It names a specific crime: an unidentified person 'groped the buttocks' of a pedestrian.
  20. present: It states that an unidentified person 'groped the buttocks of an individual', naming a specific sexual contact offense.
  21. present: It names a specific crime: a person 'groped the buttocks of an individual' on the sidewalk.
  22. present: It states that an unidentified person 'groped the buttocks' of a pedestrian, a specific sexual contact crime.
  23. present: It states that an unidentified person 'groped the buttocks' of a pedestrian, a specific sexual contact offense.
  24. present: It names a specific offense: an unidentified person 'groped the buttocks' of someone walking by.
  25. present: It specifies that an unidentified person 'groped the buttocks' of a pedestrian, a specific sexual contact crime.
• Locationpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, unanimously: the incident was "in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)", with the suspect last seen at the 116th Street and Broadway subway station.

  Where the threat is. Saying whether danger is in a specific building, a part of campus, or area-wide lets people judge their own proximity and choose a safe direction. Without a where, a warning is hard to act on precisely.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: In front of Ruggles Hall at 508 W 114th St.
  2. present: It locates the incident 'in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)'.
  3. present: It says the incident occurred "in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)".
  4. present: Gives 'in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)'.
  5. present: It names "in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)".
  6. present: It says "in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)".
  7. present: Gives 'in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)'.
  8. present: Gives 'in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)'.
  9. present: It gives 'in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)'.
  10. present: It gives 'Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)' and the 116th Street subway station.
  11. present: It says in front of Ruggles Hall at 508 W 114th St.
  12. present: It names the sidewalk in front of Ruggles Hall at 508 W 114th St.
  13. present: It gives 'in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)'.
  14. present: It places the act in front of Ruggles Hall at 508 W 114th St.
  15. present: In front of Ruggles Hall at 508 W 114th St.
  16. present: It names the sidewalk 'in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)' and the 116th Street subway station.
  17. present: It gives the sidewalk in front of Ruggles Hall at 508 W 114th St as the location.
  18. present: It gives an exact place, the sidewalk 'in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)', plus the subway station.
  19. present: It gives the sidewalk 'in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)' and the 116th Street subway station.
  20. present: It gives the sidewalk 'in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)' as the specific location.
  21. present: It gives 'in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)' and the 116th Street subway station.
  22. present: It gives the place as the sidewalk 'in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)', a precise location.
  23. present: It locates the incident 'in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)' and names a subway station.
  24. present: It places the incident 'in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)', a precise address.
  25. present: It gives the place as the sidewalk 'in front of Ruggles Hall (508 W 114th St)', a precise address.
• Guidanceabsent0/25

  Final assessment

  Absent, unanimously: the alert only asks people to share information with CU Public Safety and gives no protective action.

  The protective action to take. A clear, specific instruction, such as shelter in place, evacuate, avoid the area, or run-hide-fight, drives faster and more correct protective behavior than describing the threat alone.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: Only asks for information; no protective action is instructed.
  2. absent: It only asks people to share information; no protective action is instructed.
  3. absent: It only asks people to share information about the suspect, which is not a protective action.
  4. absent: Only asks people to share information about the suspect's identity; no protective action is instructed.
  5. absent: It only asks for identity tips to be shared with Public Safety, not a protective action.
  6. absent: It only asks people to share identifying information, not to take any protective action.
  7. absent: Only asks people to share information, with no protective action for recipients.
  8. absent: Only asks people to share information with Public Safety, no protective action.
  9. absent: It only asks for information about the suspect's identity, with no protective action for readers.
  10. absent: It only invites people to share information with Public Safety; no protective action is instructed.
  11. absent: It only asks for identity information, giving no protective action.
  12. absent: It only invites information sharing and gives no protective action to recipients.
  13. absent: It only asks for identifying information, with no protective instruction to recipients.
  14. absent: It only asks for information to be shared, with no protective action for recipients.
  15. absent: Only asks for information to be shared; no protective action is given.
  16. absent: The only request is to share identity information with CU Public Safety, which is a tip request rather than a protective action.
  17. absent: It only asks that identity information be shared with CU Public Safety, which is a tip request rather than a protective action.
  18. absent: It only asks for information to be shared with CU Public Safety and offers no protective action for recipients to take.
  19. absent: The only request is to share information about the suspect with CU Public Safety, which is a tip line rather than a protective action.
  20. absent: It only asks people to share identifying information with CU Public Safety, which is a tip request rather than a protective action.
  21. absent: It only asks people to share identity information with Public Safety, offering no protective action for recipients.
  22. absent: It only asks that information about the person's identity be shared with Public Safety, which is a tip request rather than a protective action.
  23. absent: The only request is to share identity information with CU Public Safety, which is a tip request rather than a protective action.
  24. absent: It only asks that identity information be shared with Public Safety and gives no protective action for recipients.
  25. absent: It only invites people to share identity information with CU Public Safety, which is reporting rather than a protective action for recipients.
• Timepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, unanimously: it gives "February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm".

  When the message applies. A timestamp, the word now or immediately, or a phrase like until further notice tells the reader whether the danger is current and how quickly to act.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: Gives February 2, 2023 at 9:31pm.
  2. present: It gives 'February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm'.
  3. present: It gives "Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm".
  4. present: States 'Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm'.
  5. present: It gives "Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm".
  6. present: It gives "Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm".
  7. present: States 'Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm'.
  8. present: States 'Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm'.
  9. present: It states 'Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm'.
  10. present: It gives 'Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm'.
  11. present: It gives Thursday, February 2, 2023 at about 9:31pm.
  12. present: It gives 'Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm'.
  13. present: It gives the date and approximately 9:31pm.
  14. present: It gives "February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm".
  15. present: Gives 'Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm'.
  16. present: It gives 'Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm' as the time of the incident.
  17. present: It dates the incident to Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm.
  18. present: It states the incident happened 'Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm', a precise date and time.
  19. present: It dates the incident 'Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm'.
  20. present: It states 'Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm', a precise date and clock time.
  21. present: It states the incident occurred 'Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm'.
  22. present: It dates the groping precisely as 'Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm', giving both date and clock time.
  23. present: It gives 'Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm' as the time of the incident.
  24. present: It gives the date and time 'Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm'.
  25. present: It dates the event to 'Thursday, February 2, 2023 at approximately 9:31pm', a specific date and clock time.
• Impactabsent0/25

  Final assessment

  Absent, unanimously: the alert describes the act but conveys no consequence or severity beyond it.

  What the hazard could do to the people in its path. Beyond naming the threat, a complete warning conveys its potential consequences or severity, such as that a tornado can level buildings or that a leak could be explosive, so recipients grasp how much danger they are in. Research on warning message content finds that a concrete impact statement helps people personalize their risk and act sooner.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: No statement of consequence or severity beyond the act.
  2. absent: No consequence or severity statement beyond describing the act.
  3. absent: No stated consequence or severity beyond describing the act.
  4. absent: No statement of potential harm or severity beyond describing the act.
  5. absent: No statement of injury, danger, or severity appears.
  6. absent: No statement of consequence or severity beyond describing the act.
  7. absent: No harm or severity beyond the offense itself is conveyed.
  8. absent: No statement of harm or severity beyond the act itself.
  9. absent: No harm beyond naming the act or statement of severity is given.
  10. absent: No statement of potential harm or severity beyond describing the act.
  11. absent: No harm or severity beyond naming the offense is described.
  12. absent: No statement of consequence or severity beyond describing the act.
  13. absent: No injury or severity statement appears beyond naming the act.
  14. absent: No consequence or severity beyond the act itself is conveyed.
  15. absent: No statement of consequence or severity beyond the act itself.
  16. absent: The alert describes the groping but does not state any injury, danger level, or potential consequence to others.
  17. absent: The groping is described, but no statement conveys potential consequences or severity for others in the area.
  18. absent: The alert describes the groping but conveys no consequence, injury, or severity statement about the threat to others.
  19. absent: The alert describes the groping but never states any injury, consequence, or severity for the community.
  20. absent: The groping is described factually, but no consequence, injury, or severity statement such as 'dangerous' appears.
  21. absent: The alert describes the groping but states no injury, consequence, or severity to recipients.
  22. absent: The alert describes the groping but states no further consequence or severity for others, such as danger or injury.
  23. absent: The alert describes the groping but does not state any further danger or consequence to recipients.
  24. absent: No injury, danger level, or consequence of the groping is stated beyond naming the act itself.
  25. absent: The text describes the groping itself but states no further consequence, injury, or severity warning for others who might encounter the person.