Gunman opened fire in the Student Union, killing two and wounding six

To check this alert, Claude (an AI) read it in full 25 separate times, independently. Each read decided whether the message answers each of the six questions and gave a short reason. A final reviewer then weighed all 25 and wrote the plain-English verdict you see when you open a row. The score (for example 22/25) is how many reads agreed; the 25 individual reads are tucked underneath if you want to check them.

• Sourcepresent16/25

  Final assessment

  Majority finds the source present, referencing "Police" who are "on scene"; a sizable minority notes no branded sender tag, only responders named.

  Who is sending the alert and who is responding. People act faster on a message from a clearly identifiable, credible sender, such as a named department, the police, or a branded alert system, than on an anonymous notice. A branded signature counts.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: No sender tag, agency, or university self-identification appears in the text.
  2. absent: No sender or branded signature appears, only "Police" referenced as responding.
  3. present: It references "Police" on scene, a named responding authority.
  4. present: It names "Police" as the responders.
  5. absent: No sender tag or university name appears; "Police" is referenced only as responders, not a named issuer.
  6. present: It refers to "Police" who are "on scene" as the responding authority.
  7. present: Refers to "Police are on scene or on the way", identifying responding authority.
  8. present: It references "Police" on scene, a named authority.
  9. present: References "Police are on scene", an identified responding agency.
  10. absent: No sender tag or issuing authority is named; "Police" are referenced only as responders.
  11. absent: No sender tag or self-naming authority; "Police" are referenced only as responders.
  12. absent: No sender tag or issuing authority is named; "Police" appears only as responders.
  13. present: It references "Police" being on scene, the responding authority.
  14. absent: No sender tag or named issuing authority appears, though it cites "Police".
  15. present: Identifies "Police" as the responders on scene, the authority.
  16. absent: No sender name or branded signature appears, only "Police" on scene, not the sender tag.
  17. present: Names "Police" as the responding authority.
  18. present: It references "Police are on scene", naming the responding authority.
  19. absent: No sender, agency, or branded signature appears in the text.
  20. present: It references "Police are on scene or on the way", the responding authority.
  21. present: Names "Police", the responding authority.
  22. present: It names "Police" responding, identifying the responding authority.
  23. present: It references "Police are on scene", a named responding authority.
  24. present: Refers to "Police" being on scene, a responding authority.
  25. present: It references "Police are on scene or on the way", identifying the responding authority.
• Hazardpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Unanimous that a specific threat is named, "An active shooter".

  What the threat actually is. A complete warning names the specific danger, such as a shooter, a fire, a tornado, or a gas leak, rather than a vague emergency, because people decide what to do based on what they are facing.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It names "An active shooter", a specific threat.
  2. present: It names "An active shooter", a specific threat.
  3. present: It reports "An active shooter", a specific threat.
  4. present: It states "An active shooter has been reported", a specific hazard.
  5. present: It names "An active shooter", a specific threat.
  6. present: It names "An active shooter", a specific threat.
  7. present: Names "An active shooter", a specific threat.
  8. present: It names "An active shooter has been reported in the area of Student Union", a specific threat.
  9. present: Names "An active shooter", a specific threat.
  10. present: It names "An active shooter", a specific threat.
  11. present: Names "An active shooter", a specific hazard.
  12. present: It names "An active shooter", a specific threat.
  13. present: It names the threat specifically: "An active shooter has been reported".
  14. present: Names the hazard specifically as "An active shooter".
  15. present: Names "An active shooter", a specific hazard.
  16. present: Names "An active shooter", a specific threat.
  17. present: Names "An active shooter", a specific hazard.
  18. present: It reports "An active shooter", a specific hazard.
  19. present: It names "An active shooter", a specific threat.
  20. present: It reports "An active shooter", a specific hazard.
  21. present: Names "An active shooter", a specific hazard.
  22. present: It names "An active shooter", a specific hazard.
  23. present: It names "An active shooter", a specific hazard.
  24. present: Names "An active shooter", a specific threat.
  25. present: It states "An active shooter has been reported", a specific threat.
• Locationpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  All reads agree a specific place is named, "the area of Student Union".

  Where the threat is. Saying whether danger is in a specific building, a part of campus, or area-wide lets people judge their own proximity and choose a safe direction. Without a where, a warning is hard to act on precisely.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It names "the area of Student Union", a specific place.
  2. present: It names "the area of Student Union", a specific place.
  3. present: It names "the area of Student Union", a specific location.
  4. present: It names "the area of Student Union", a specific place.
  5. present: It names "the area of Student Union".
  6. present: It names "the area of Student Union", a specific place.
  7. present: Names "the area of Student Union", a specific place.
  8. present: It names "the area of Student Union", a specific place.
  9. present: Names "the area of Student Union", a specific place.
  10. present: It names "the area of Student Union", a specific place.
  11. present: Says "in the area of Student Union", a specific named place.
  12. present: It names "the area of Student Union", a specific place.
  13. present: It names "the area of Student Union", a specific place.
  14. present: Specifies "the area of Student Union", a named place.
  15. present: Names "the area of Student Union", a specific location.
  16. present: Names "the area of Student Union", a specific place.
  17. present: Names "the area of Student Union", a specific place.
  18. present: It names "in the area of Student Union", a specific location.
  19. present: It names "the area of Student Union", a specific place.
  20. present: It names "the area of Student Union", a specific place.
  21. present: Names "the area of Student Union", a specific place.
  22. present: It names "the area of Student Union", a specific place.
  23. present: It names "the area of Student Union", a specific place.
  24. present: Names "the area of Student Union", a specific location.
  25. present: It names "the area of Student Union", a specific place.
• Guidancepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Unanimous that protective actions are given: "seek shelter" and "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows".

  The protective action to take. A clear, specific instruction, such as shelter in place, evacuate, avoid the area, or run-hide-fight, drives faster and more correct protective behavior than describing the threat alone.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It instructs recipients to "seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows", protective actions.
  2. present: It instructs "Continue to seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows".
  3. present: It instructs recipients to "Continue to seek shelter" and lock and stay away from doors.
  4. present: It instructs "Continue to seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows", protective actions.
  5. present: It instructs recipients to "seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows".
  6. present: It instructs recipients to "seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows", protective actions.
  7. present: Instructs recipients to "seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows", protective actions.
  8. present: It instructs recipients to "Continue to seek shelter" and "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows", protective actions.
  9. present: Instructs "Continue to seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows", protective actions.
  10. present: It instructs recipients to "seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows", protective actions.
  11. present: Instructs recipients to "Continue to seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows", protective actions.
  12. present: It instructs recipients to "Continue to seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows".
  13. present: It instructs "Continue to seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows", protective actions.
  14. present: Instructs "Continue to seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows", protective actions.
  15. present: Instructs recipients to "Continue to seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows".
  16. present: Instructs to "seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows", protective actions.
  17. present: Instructs recipients to "Continue to seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows".
  18. present: It instructs people to "seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows", protective actions.
  19. present: It instructs recipients to "Continue to seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows", protective actions.
  20. present: It tells recipients to "Continue to seek shelter" and "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows".
  21. present: Instructs recipients to "Continue to seek shelter" and "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows".
  22. present: It instructs "Continue to seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows", protective actions.
  23. present: It instructs "Continue to seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows", protective actions.
  24. present: Instructs recipients to "Continue to seek shelter" and "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows", protective actions.
  25. present: It instructs recipients to "seek shelter", "Lock and stay away from all doors and windows", protective actions.
• Timeabsent0/25

  Final assessment

  Unanimous that no clock time, date, or recency cue appears; "active" is part of the hazard.

  When the message applies. A timestamp, the word now or immediately, or a phrase like until further notice tells the reader whether the danger is current and how quickly to act.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue such as "now" appears.
  2. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears; "active" is part of the hazard.
  3. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue such as "now" or "immediately" appears.
  4. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  5. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue such as "now" or "immediately" appears.
  6. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears; "active shooter" is the hazard, not a time.
  7. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  8. absent: No clock time, date, or recency word appears; "active" is part of the hazard.
  9. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue such as "now" or "immediately" appears.
  10. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  11. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears; "active" is part of the hazard.
  12. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  13. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  14. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears; "active" is part of the hazard.
  15. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue such as "now" or "immediately" appears.
  16. absent: No clock time, date, or recency word appears in the message.
  17. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears; "active" is part of the hazard.
  18. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  19. absent: No clock time, date, or recency word appears; "active shooter" is hazard not time.
  20. absent: No clock time, date, or recency word appears; "active" is part of the hazard.
  21. absent: No clock time, date, or recency word appears; "active" is part of the hazard.
  22. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue such as "now" or "immediately" appears.
  23. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  24. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears; "active" is part of the hazard.
  25. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
• Impactpresent14/25

  Final assessment

  Present by a 14 to 11 split: it reports an active shooter and directs sheltering away from doors and windows and being prepared for additional protective measures, conveying lethal danger; the close dissent holds the hazard is only named without stated harm.

  What the hazard could do to the people in its path. Beyond naming the threat, a complete warning conveys its potential consequences or severity, such as that a tornado can level buildings or that a leak could be explosive, so recipients grasp how much danger they are in. Research on warning message content finds that a concrete impact statement helps people personalize their risk and act sooner.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It reports an active shooter and says be prepared to take additional protective measures, with active shooter conveying lethal danger to people.
  2. absent: This reports an active shooter and directs seeking shelter and protective measures but states no explicit harm or danger to people.
  3. present: Reports an active shooter and tells people to be prepared to take additional protective measures, conveying a serious ongoing danger.
  4. absent: It reports an active shooter and directs shelter and protective measures but states no injury or explicit danger.
  5. absent: Reports an active shooter with shelter guidance and to be prepared but states no explicit harm or injury.
  6. present: It reports an active shooter and directs people to seek shelter away from doors and windows and be prepared for additional protective measures which conveys a danger though it leans on hazard naming; the active shooter report implies risk to people.
  7. absent: Reports an active shooter with shelter and protective-measures guidance but names the hazard without stating harm or severity.
  8. absent: Reports an active shooter with shelter guidance and protective measures but states no explicit harm or severity.
  9. absent: Reports an active shooter with shelter guidance and protective measures but states no harm or explicit consequence.
  10. present: An active shooter report with instructions to take protective measures conveys a clear lethal danger to people.
  11. absent: Reports an active shooter and directs sheltering and protective measures but names the hazard without stating its potential harm.
  12. present: It reports an active shooter and urges sheltering and being prepared to take additional protective measures, conveying a lethal danger to people.
  13. present: An active shooter with seek shelter and be prepared to take additional protective measures conveys a lethal threat to people.
  14. present: Reports an active shooter and urges sheltering and protective measures away from doors and windows, conveying an ongoing lethal danger.
  15. present: Reports an active shooter and urges seeking shelter and protective measures away from doors and windows, conveying a deadly threat.
  16. present: Reports an active shooter and directs being prepared to take additional protective measures and locking away from doors, but only names hazard and gives guidance without stating harm.
  17. absent: Reports an active shooter and tells people to seek shelter and be prepared for protective measures but states no harm or severity.
  18. present: Reports an active shooter and urges sheltering and protective measures, conveying a deadly threat to people.
  19. absent: Reports an active shooter and shelter guidance but states no injury or harm.
  20. absent: Reports an active shooter with shelter and protective guidance but states no resulting harm or consequence.
  21. present: Reports an active shooter with be prepared to take additional protective measures, conveying an imminent lethal danger.
  22. present: Reports an active shooter and urges continued shelter and protective measures, conveying a clearly implied lethal danger.
  23. present: Reports an active shooter and directs to be prepared to take additional protective measures, and the active-shooter with protective-measures language implies serious danger.
  24. absent: Reports an active shooter with shelter and protective guidance but states no explicit harm or casualties.
  25. present: An active shooter report with directives to shelter and prepare for protective measures implies a deadly threat.