One killed and one injured in a shooting after a high school graduation on campus

To check this alert, Claude (an AI) read it in full 25 separate times, independently. Each read decided whether the message answers each of the six questions and gave a short reason. A final reviewer then weighed all 25 and wrote the plain-English verdict you see when you open a row. The score (for example 22/25) is how many reads agreed; the 25 individual reads are tucked underneath if you want to check them.

• Sourceabsent0/25

  Final assessment

  All 25 reads agree the element is absent: no sender, agency, or branded signature identifies who issued the message.

  Who is sending the alert and who is responding. People act faster on a message from a clearly identifiable, credible sender, such as a named department, the police, or a branded alert system, than on an anonymous notice. A branded signature counts.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: No sender, agency, or branded signature identifies who issued this message.
  2. absent: No sender, brand, or agency identifies who issued this alert.
  3. absent: No sender, agency, or branded signature identifies the issuer.
  4. absent: No sender tag, university, or agency identifies who issues the message.
  5. absent: No sender name, agency, or branded signature appears in the text.
  6. absent: No sender, agency, or branded signature identifies who issued this alert.
  7. absent: No branded signature, sender tag, or named authority identifies who is sending the message.
  8. absent: No sender name, branded tag, or issuing authority appears in the text.
  9. absent: No branded signature, agency, or institution identifies the sender.
  10. absent: No sender, branded signature, or named authority appears in the text.
  11. absent: No sender, agency, or branded signature appears in the text.
  12. absent: No sender, branded tag, or authority is identified in the text.
  13. absent: No sender, university name, or agency is identified in the message.
  14. absent: No sender tag, agency, or institution identifies itself in the text.
  15. absent: No sender, agency, or branded signature is named in this message.
  16. absent: No sender, agency, or branded signature identifies who issued this alert.
  17. absent: No branded signature, agency, or institution names itself as sender.
  18. absent: No sender, signature, or issuing authority is named in the text.
  19. absent: No sender, branded tag, or named authority appears in the brief alert.
  20. absent: No sender, university, or agency is named in the text.
  21. absent: No sender, authority, or branded signature is named in the text.
  22. absent: No sender tag, agency, or institution names itself in the text.
  23. absent: No sender, signature, or authority is identified in the text.
  24. absent: No sender tag, agency, or branded signature identifies who issued this message.
  25. absent: No sender, university, or agency is named in the text.
• Hazardpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  All 25 reads agree the element is present: it names a shooting, a specific hazard.

  What the threat actually is. A complete warning names the specific danger, such as a shooter, a fire, a tornado, or a gas leak, rather than a vague emergency, because people decide what to do based on what they are facing.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It names a "Shooting", a specific hazard.
  2. present: It names a "Shooting", a specific threat.
  3. present: It names "Shooting", a specific threat.
  4. present: It names a "Shooting", a specific threat.
  5. present: It names a "Shooting", a specific hazard.
  6. present: It names a "Shooting", a specific threat.
  7. present: It names a "Shooting", a specific threat.
  8. present: It names a "Shooting", a specific threat.
  9. present: It names "Shooting", a specific threat.
  10. present: It names a "Shooting", a specific threat.
  11. present: It names a "Shooting", a specific threat.
  12. present: It names a "Shooting", a specific hazard.
  13. present: It names a "Shooting", a specific threat.
  14. present: It names a "Shooting", a specific threat.
  15. present: It names "Shooting reported", a specific threat.
  16. present: It names a "Shooting", a specific threat.
  17. present: It names a "Shooting reported", a specific threat.
  18. present: It names "Shooting", a specific threat.
  19. present: It names a "Shooting", a specific threat.
  20. present: It names a "Shooting", a specific threat.
  21. present: It names "Shooting reported", a specific threat.
  22. present: Names a "Shooting".
  23. present: Names a "Shooting", a specific threat.
  24. present: It names a "Shooting", a specific threat.
  25. present: It states "Shooting reported", a specific threat.
• Locationpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  All 25 reads agree the element is present: it locates the shooting at Murphy Center.

  Where the threat is. Saying whether danger is in a specific building, a part of campus, or area-wide lets people judge their own proximity and choose a safe direction. Without a where, a warning is hard to act on precisely.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It locates it "at Murphy Center".
  2. present: It locates it "at Murphy Center".
  3. present: It says "at Murphy Center".
  4. present: It says "at Murphy Center".
  5. present: It locates it at "Murphy Center".
  6. present: It specifies "Murphy Center", a location.
  7. present: It locates it "at Murphy Center", a specific place.
  8. present: It names "Murphy Center".
  9. present: It locates it "at Murphy Center".
  10. present: It locates it "at Murphy Center".
  11. present: It specifies "Murphy Center".
  12. present: It names "Murphy Center".
  13. present: It names "Murphy Center", a specific place.
  14. present: It names "Murphy Center", a specific place.
  15. present: It locates it "at Murphy Center".
  16. present: It names "Murphy Center", a specific building.
  17. present: It names "Murphy Center", a specific place.
  18. present: It locates it "at Murphy Center".
  19. present: It locates it "at Murphy Center".
  20. present: It locates it "at Murphy Center".
  21. present: It locates it "at Murphy Center", a specific place.
  22. present: Names "Murphy Center".
  23. present: Locates it "at Murphy Center".
  24. present: It names "Murphy Center", a specific place.
  25. present: It locates it "at Murphy Center".
• Guidancepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  All 25 reads agree the element is present: it instructs recipients to leave the area if possible or shelter in place.

  The protective action to take. A clear, specific instruction, such as shelter in place, evacuate, avoid the area, or run-hide-fight, drives faster and more correct protective behavior than describing the threat alone.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It instructs "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  2. present: It instructs to "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  3. present: It instructs "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  4. present: It instructs "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  5. present: It instructs recipients to "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  6. present: It tells recipients to "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place", protective actions.
  7. present: It instructs recipients to "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place", protective actions.
  8. present: It instructs "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  9. present: It instructs recipients to "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  10. present: It instructs recipients to "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  11. present: It tells recipients to "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  12. present: It instructs recipients to "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  13. present: It instructs recipients to "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  14. present: It instructs "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place", protective actions.
  15. present: It instructs recipients to "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  16. present: It instructs to "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place", protective actions.
  17. present: It instructs "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  18. present: It instructs "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  19. present: It instructs recipients to "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  20. present: It instructs "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  21. present: It instructs "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  22. present: Instructs "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  23. present: Instructs to "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
  24. present: It instructs to "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place", protective actions.
  25. present: It instructs to "Leave the area if possible or shelter in place".
• Timeabsent0/25

  Final assessment

  All 25 reads agree the element is absent: no clock time, date, or recency cue appears.

  When the message applies. A timestamp, the word now or immediately, or a phrase like until further notice tells the reader whether the danger is current and how quickly to act.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  2. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  3. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  4. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  5. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  6. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  7. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  8. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  9. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  10. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  11. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  12. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  13. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  14. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  15. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  16. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  17. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  18. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  19. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  20. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  21. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the message.
  22. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  23. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  24. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  25. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
• Impactpresent14/25

  Final assessment

  Present by a modest majority; dissenters noted no explicit injury is stated, but a reported shooting with flee-or-shelter guidance conveys the potential for gunfire harm to people.

  What the hazard could do to the people in its path. Beyond naming the threat, a complete warning conveys its potential consequences or severity, such as that a tornado can level buildings or that a leak could be explosive, so recipients grasp how much danger they are in. Research on warning message content finds that a concrete impact statement helps people personalize their risk and act sooner.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: A reported shooting plus instructions to flee or shelter conveys a clear life-threatening danger to people.
  2. absent: Names a shooting and gives shelter guidance but does not state any consequence, injury, or danger level.
  3. absent: Names a shooting and tells people to shelter or leave but does not state any harm or severity.
  4. present: A reported shooting with instructions to flee or shelter conveys an active threat of harm to people.
  5. absent: It reports a shooting and gives sheltering guidance but states no injury, death, or stated danger.
  6. present: A reported shooting with instructions to leave or shelter implies the danger of being shot, a threat to life.
  7. present: A reported shooting plus the shelter instruction implies danger, and shooting conveys a clear potential for harm.
  8. absent: Names a shooting and gives shelter guidance but states no harm or how serious it is.
  9. absent: Reports a shooting and gives shelter guidance but states no injury or stated severity.
  10. present: A reported shooting paired with shelter-in-place implies a deadly threat to people.
  11. absent: It reports a shooting and shelter guidance but does not state injuries or what the danger could do.
  12. absent: Reports a shooting and gives sheltering guidance but does not state any harm or how serious the threat is.
  13. absent: It reports a shooting and gives shelter guidance but states no specific harm or severity.
  14. present: Reports a shooting and tells people to leave or shelter, implying clear danger to safety.
  15. present: A reported shooting plus instruction to leave or shelter implies a clear danger to people.
  16. present: Reports a shooting with shelter directive, conveying threat of gunfire harm to people.
  17. present: Reports a shooting and tells people to leave or shelter, conveying a clear threat to life.
  18. absent: It reports a shooting and gives shelter guidance but states no harm or severity beyond naming it.
  19. present: A reported shooting with shelter-in-place guidance conveys the danger of gunfire to people.
  20. present: Reports a shooting and instructs to flee or shelter, conveying potential lethal harm.
  21. present: A reported shooting plus the instruction to leave or shelter conveys an active danger to people.
  22. absent: It reports a shooting and gives guidance but states no injuries or stated severity beyond naming the hazard.
  23. present: Reports a shooting, an actual violent event causing harm, which conveys impact.
  24. present: Reports a shooting and instructs to leave or shelter, conveying gun-violence danger to people.
  25. absent: Names a shooting and gives shelter guidance but states no harm or severity.