Shelter-in-place directives as Hurricane Harvey floodwaters surround campus

To check this alert, Claude (an AI) read it in full 25 separate times, independently. Each read decided whether the message answers each of the six questions and gave a short reason. A final reviewer then weighed all 25 and wrote the plain-English verdict you see when you open a row. The score (for example 22/25) is how many reads agreed; the 25 individual reads are tucked underneath if you want to check them.

• Sourcepresent23/25

  Final assessment

  Strong consensus that the source is present; the message names Rice as the institution announcing the closure, with two reads finding no explicit sender tag.

  Who is sending the alert and who is responding. People act faster on a message from a clearly identifiable, credible sender, such as a named department, the police, or a branded alert system, than on an anonymous notice. A branded signature counts.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: "Rice" names the university as the issuing authority.
  2. present: "Rice will close" identifies the university as the sender.
  3. present: "Rice will close" identifies the university as the sender.
  4. present: It names "Rice" as the institution announcing the closure.
  5. present: It names "Rice", the university identifying itself as sender.
  6. present: It references "Rice will close" and "Nonessential staff will be dismissed", the institution naming itself.
  7. present: "Rice will close" identifies Rice University as the issuer.
  8. present: "Rice" names the issuing university.
  9. present: "Rice will close" names the institution as sender.
  10. present: "Rice will close" identifies the institution as the sender.
  11. present: It names "Rice", identifying the institution as sender.
  12. present: It says "Rice will close", identifying the university as sender.
  13. present: "Rice will close" identifies the institution as sender.
  14. present: It refers to "Rice" as the institution issuing the closure.
  15. present: "Rice will close" names the university as the issuing authority.
  16. present: It names "Rice", the university issuing the closure notice.
  17. present: "Rice" names the university as the sender.
  18. present: "Rice will close" identifies Rice University as the sender.
  19. present: "Rice" identifies the issuing institution.
  20. present: "Rice will close" identifies Rice University as the source.
  21. absent: No sender, branded signature, or named authority identifies who issued this closure message.
  22. present: "Rice will close" identifies the institution as sender.
  23. present: "Rice will close" with the institutional voice identifies the university as sender.
  24. present: "Rice" identifies the institution as the sender.
  25. absent: No sender tag, agency, or institution names itself in the text.
• Hazardabsent0/25

  Final assessment

  All 25 reads agree the hazard is absent; the text gives only closure and dismissal schedules and never names the storm or any specific threat.

  What the threat actually is. A complete warning names the specific danger, such as a shooter, a fire, a tornado, or a gas leak, rather than a vague emergency, because people decide what to do based on what they are facing.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: No specific hazard is named; only closure and dismissal schedules are given.
  2. absent: No specific hazard is named within the text itself.
  3. absent: It announces closures but names no specific hazard in this text.
  4. absent: No specific hazard is named in this text; the storm is not mentioned, only closures.
  5. absent: No specific hazard is named in this closure notice; the threat is unstated in the text.
  6. absent: No specific hazard is named in the closure text itself, only closure announcement.
  7. absent: It announces closures but names no specific hazard in this text.
  8. absent: No specific hazard is named in this closure notice.
  9. absent: No specific hazard named in this text; the closure reason is not stated here.
  10. absent: No specific hazard is named in this closure announcement text.
  11. absent: It announces closures but names no specific hazard (the hurricane is not stated here).
  12. absent: No specific hazard is named in this closure text; the hurricane is not mentioned in the text itself.
  13. absent: No specific hazard is named in this closure announcement.
  14. absent: No specific hazard is named in this closure message.
  15. absent: No specific hazard is named in this closure notice (the hurricane is not mentioned in this text).
  16. absent: No specific hazard is named in the text itself; the closure is stated without naming the hurricane.
  17. absent: No specific hazard is named in this closure text; the storm itself is not mentioned.
  18. absent: No specific hazard is named in this closure text itself.
  19. absent: No specific hazard is named in this closure text.
  20. absent: No specific hazard is named; the text states closures without naming the threat.
  21. absent: No specific hazard is named in the closure text itself.
  22. absent: No specific hazard is named in the text; the hurricane is only in the slug.
  23. absent: No specific hazard is named in this closure notice text.
  24. absent: It announces closure but names no specific hazard in this text.
  25. absent: It announces closure but never names a hazard such as a hurricane.
• Locationabsent0/25

  Final assessment

  All 25 reads agree location is absent; no specific building or campus place is given beyond the institution name.

  Where the threat is. Saying whether danger is in a specific building, a part of campus, or area-wide lets people judge their own proximity and choose a safe direction. Without a where, a warning is hard to act on precisely.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: No specific building or campus location is stated beyond the institution name.
  2. absent: No building, area, or campus location beyond the institution name is given.
  3. absent: No specific building or area is named beyond the implied campus.
  4. absent: No specific location beyond the implied institution is stated.
  5. absent: No specific building or place is given; only the institution name appears.
  6. absent: No specific location is given beyond Rice generally.
  7. absent: No building or area is named; only the institution Rice is referenced.
  8. absent: No building or area is named, only the institution Rice generically.
  9. absent: No specific building or place named beyond the implied institution.
  10. absent: No building, street, or place is specified in the text.
  11. absent: No specific building, area, or "campus" location is named in the text.
  12. absent: No building, street, or campus location is specified beyond the institution name.
  13. absent: No building, street, area, or campus location is specified.
  14. absent: No building or area is specified beyond the implied institution.
  15. absent: No building or "campus" location is stated, only the institution name.
  16. absent: No building, street, area, or campus location is given beyond the institution name.
  17. absent: No specific place is named beyond the implied institution; no building or area is stated.
  18. absent: No building, street, area, or campus location is specified.
  19. absent: No building or area is specified; only the institution closing.
  20. absent: No specific building or area is named beyond the implied institution; no location stated.
  21. absent: No building, street, area, or "campus" location is specified beyond "Rice".
  22. absent: No building, street, place, or campus reference appears beyond the institution name.
  23. absent: No building, street, or campus area is named beyond the implicit institution.
  24. absent: It references Rice but no building, street, or area location is given.
  25. absent: "Rice will close" names no building, area, or "campus" specifically.
• Guidanceabsent4/25

  Final assessment

  Most reads find guidance absent: the text states closure and dismissal logistics but directs no protective action; a minority read the dismissal as an instruction to leave.

  The protective action to take. A clear, specific instruction, such as shelter in place, evacuate, avoid the area, or run-hide-fight, drives faster and more correct protective behavior than describing the threat alone.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: It announces closures and dismissals but gives no protective action instruction.
  2. present: It conveys closure and dismissal, instructions affecting recipients' actions.
  3. absent: It states closure and dismissal plans but gives no protective action instruction.
  4. absent: No protective action is directed to recipients, only closure and dismissal logistics.
  5. absent: No protective action for recipients is given, only class and staff dismissal info.
  6. absent: No protective action is given to recipients, only closure and dismissal logistics.
  7. absent: It states closures but gives recipients no protective action instruction.
  8. absent: It announces closure and staff dismissal but gives no protective instruction.
  9. absent: No protective action to recipients; it announces closure and staff dismissal.
  10. absent: It announces closures and dismissals but gives recipients no protective action.
  11. absent: It announces class cancellation and dismissal but gives no protective action instruction.
  12. absent: It announces closure and dismissal but directs no protective action to recipients.
  13. absent: It announces closures and dismissals but gives no protective-action instruction.
  14. absent: It announces closure and dismissal but gives no protective action to recipients.
  15. absent: It announces closures but gives no protective action instruction to recipients.
  16. absent: It announces closure and dismissal but gives no protective action instruction to recipients.
  17. present: "Nonessential staff will be dismissed" and closure direct recipients to leave/not attend.
  18. absent: No protective action is directed to recipients; only closures and dismissals are announced.
  19. absent: A closure schedule is announced, no protective action to recipients.
  20. present: It tells recipients classes "will not be held" and staff dismissal, actionable directives.
  21. absent: It announces closure and dismissal but gives recipients no protective action.
  22. absent: It announces closures and dismissals but gives recipients no protective action to take.
  23. present: "Nonessential staff will be dismissed" directs staff to leave, a protective action.
  24. absent: It announces closures and dismissal but gives recipients no protective action.
  25. absent: It announces closure and dismissal but gives no protective action.
• Timepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  All 25 reads agree timing is present; the message gives clock times of 3 p.m. Friday and 1 p.m.

  When the message applies. A timestamp, the word now or immediately, or a phrase like until further notice tells the reader whether the danger is current and how quickly to act.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: "3 p.m. Friday" and "1 p.m." convey clock times, a time cue.
  2. present: It gives times: "3 p.m. Friday" and "1 p.m.".
  3. present: It gives times "3 p.m. Friday" and "1 p.m.", clock-time cues.
  4. present: It gives times: "close at 3 p.m. Friday" and "dismissed at 1 p.m.".
  5. present: It gives specific times "3 p.m. Friday" and "1 p.m.".
  6. present: It says "3 p.m. Friday" and "1 p.m.", clock times.
  7. present: It gives clock times, "3 p.m. Friday" and "1 p.m.".
  8. present: "3 p.m. Friday" and "1 p.m." convey clock times and timing.
  9. present: It gives clock times: "3 p.m. Friday" and "1 p.m.".
  10. present: It gives "3 p.m. Friday" and "1 p.m.", clock-time cues.
  11. present: It gives times: "3 p.m. Friday" and "dismissed at 1 p.m.".
  12. present: It gives "3 p.m. Friday" and "1 p.m.", specific clock times.
  13. present: It gives precise timing: "close at 3 p.m. Friday" and "dismissed at 1 p.m.".
  14. present: It states "close at 3 p.m. Friday" and staff dismissed "at 1 p.m.".
  15. present: "3 p.m. Friday" and "1 p.m." give clock times and a day.
  16. present: It says "3 p.m. Friday" and "1 p.m.", clock-time and day cues.
  17. present: It gives times: "3 p.m. Friday" and "1 p.m."
  18. present: It gives clock times such as "3 p.m. Friday" and "1 p.m.".
  19. present: "3 p.m. Friday" and "1 p.m." give specific times.
  20. present: It gives times "3 p.m. Friday" and "1 p.m.", clear timing cues.
  21. present: "close at 3 p.m. Friday" and "dismissed at 1 p.m." give specific clock times.
  22. present: It says "close at 3 p.m. Friday" and "dismissed at 1 p.m.", explicit time cues.
  23. present: It gives times: "3 p.m. Friday" and "1 p.m.".
  24. present: It gives times: "close at 3 p.m. Friday" and "dismissed at 1 p.m.".
  25. present: "3 p.m. Friday" and "1 p.m." give specific times.
• Impactabsent0/25

  Final assessment

  Absent, unanimous. Announces an early closure and staff dismissal but states no hazard, harm, or severity to people or property.

  What the hazard could do to the people in its path. Beyond naming the threat, a complete warning conveys its potential consequences or severity, such as that a tornado can level buildings or that a leak could be explosive, so recipients grasp how much danger they are in. Research on warning message content finds that a concrete impact statement helps people personalize their risk and act sooner.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: Announces a closure and early dismissal ahead of a hurricane without stating any danger or potential harm.
  2. absent: It announces early closure and staff dismissal for a hurricane but states no danger or potential consequence in the text.
  3. absent: It announces early closure and staff dismissal ahead of a hurricane but states no harm or danger.
  4. absent: It announces an early closure and staff dismissal ahead of a hurricane without stating any danger or potential harm.
  5. absent: Announces campus closure and class cancellations with no stated danger or harm.
  6. absent: Announces early closure and dismissal for a hurricane but states no impact, damage, or danger from the storm.
  7. absent: Announces an early campus closure and staff dismissal without stating any storm danger or harm.
  8. absent: It announces a hurricane-related closure and early dismissal but states no harm or how dangerous the storm is.
  9. absent: Announces a closure and early dismissal for a hurricane but states no danger, harm, or severity in this text.
  10. absent: It announces an early campus closure and staff dismissal ahead of a storm but states no harm or how dangerous the hurricane is.
  11. absent: Announces an early campus closure and staff dismissal ahead of a hurricane without stating any danger or severity.
  12. absent: It announces an early closure and staff dismissal ahead of a hurricane without stating the storm's potential harm or severity.
  13. absent: Announces early closure and staff dismissal for a hurricane without stating any harm or severity.
  14. absent: It announces early closure and staff dismissal for a hurricane but states no danger or storm impact.
  15. absent: The text announces a class schedule change and early dismissal for a hurricane without stating the storm's danger or potential harm.
  16. absent: Announces a closure schedule and staff dismissal without stating any hazard, harm, or severity.
  17. absent: It announces an early closure for the hurricane but states no danger, harm, or storm severity.
  18. absent: Announces hurricane-related closure and dismissal times but states no danger or potential harm of the storm.
  19. absent: Announces an early closure and staff dismissal for a hurricane without stating any danger or potential harm.
  20. absent: Announces early closure and dismissal for a hurricane with no statement of harm or storm severity.
  21. absent: Announces a hurricane-related closure and early dismissal but states no harm or severity of the storm.
  22. absent: Announces class cancellations and staff dismissal due to a storm but states no danger severity or potential harm.
  23. absent: It announces an early campus closure and staff dismissal for a hurricane without stating any danger or consequence.
  24. absent: Announces early closure and dismissal for the hurricane without stating any danger or severity of the storm.
  25. absent: It announces an early closure and dismissal for a hurricane but states no danger or potential harm.