Pedestrian struck by gunfire from a passing car outside a residence hall

To check this alert, Claude (an AI) read it in full 25 separate times, independently. Each read decided whether the message answers each of the six questions and gave a short reason. A final reviewer then weighed all 25 and wrote the plain-English verdict you see when you open a row. The score (for example 22/25) is how many reads agreed; the 25 individual reads are tucked underneath if you want to check them.

• Sourcepresent18/25

  Final assessment

  Majority finds police named as the responding authority; a minority noted no branded sender or university name.

  Who is sending the alert and who is responding. People act faster on a message from a clearly identifiable, credible sender, such as a named department, the police, or a branded alert system, than on an anonymous notice. A branded signature counts.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It says "police investigate", identifying police as the responding authority.
  2. absent: No sender or branded signature appears, only "police" referenced as investigating.
  3. present: It references "police" investigating, a named responding authority.
  4. present: It names "police" as the responding authority investigating.
  5. absent: No sender tag or university name appears; "police" is referenced only as who is investigating.
  6. present: It refers to "police" who "investigate" as the responding authority.
  7. present: Refers to "police" investigating, identifying a responding agency.
  8. present: It references "police" who are investigating, a named authority.
  9. present: References "police", a named responding agency investigating the setting.
  10. absent: No sender tag or issuing authority is named; "police" is referenced only as who is investigating.
  11. absent: No sender tag or self-naming authority; "police" are referenced only as investigators.
  12. absent: No sender tag or issuing authority is named; "police" appears only as those investigating.
  13. present: It references "police" investigating, the responding authority.
  14. absent: No sender tag or named issuing authority appears, though it mentions "police".
  15. present: Identifies "police" as the responding authority investigating.
  16. absent: No sender name or branded signature appears, only "police" investigating, not the sender.
  17. present: Names "police" as the responding authority investigating.
  18. present: It says "police investigate", naming the responding authority.
  19. present: It references "police" investigating, a named authority.
  20. present: It says "while police investigate", naming the responding authority.
  21. present: Names "police", the responding authority.
  22. present: It names "police", the agency investigating the incident.
  23. present: It references "police", a named responding authority.
  24. present: Refers to "police" investigating, a responding authority.
  25. present: It says "while police investigate", identifying a responding authority.
• Hazardabsent3/25

  Final assessment

  Strong majority finds the text names only a setting that occurred off campus with no specific threat; a few reads inferred a shooting from context.

  What the threat actually is. A complete warning names the specific danger, such as a shooter, a fire, a tornado, or a gas leak, rather than a vague emergency, because people decide what to do based on what they are facing.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: It refers to "a setting that occurred off campus" but names no specific threat.
  2. present: It references "a setting that occurred off campus", and the context shooting, but the text names a shooting via "police investigate"; absent a named hazard, no threat word like shooting appears so absent.
  3. absent: No specific threat is named, only "a setting that occurred off campus".
  4. absent: It refers to "a setting that occurred off campus" but names no specific hazard.
  5. absent: It refers to "a setting that occurred off campus" without naming the specific threat.
  6. absent: No specific hazard is named; it only references "a setting that occurred", which is vague.
  7. absent: Mentions "a setting that occurred off campus" but names no specific threat.
  8. present: It refers to a "setting" off campus being investigated, but the slug context is shooting; the text names no specific threat so coding from text alone.
  9. absent: Refers vaguely to "a setting that occurred off campus" with no specific hazard named.
  10. absent: No specific threat is named; "a setting that occurred off campus" is vague and does not state the hazard.
  11. absent: A "setting that occurred off campus" is vague and names no specific threat.
  12. absent: No specific hazard is named; it refers vaguely to "a setting that occurred off campus".
  13. absent: No specific threat is named; it vaguely cites "a setting that occurred off campus".
  14. absent: No specific hazard is named; it refers vaguely to "a setting that occurred off campus".
  15. absent: No specific threat is named; it refers vaguely to "a setting that occurred off campus".
  16. absent: No specific hazard is named, only a vague "setting that occurred off campus".
  17. absent: No specific hazard is named, only a "setting that occurred off campus", which is vague.
  18. absent: It refers vaguely to "a setting that occurred off campus" and names no specific hazard.
  19. absent: It refers vaguely to "a setting that occurred off campus", no specific hazard named.
  20. absent: It refers vaguely to "a setting that occurred off campus" and names no specific hazard.
  21. absent: No specific hazard named; refers vaguely to "a setting that occurred", threat type unstated.
  22. present: It references a "shooting" by saying police investigate "a setting that occurred off campus", naming the threat.
  23. absent: No specific hazard named; it vaguely cites "a setting that occurred off campus".
  24. absent: No specific threat is named; only a vague "setting that occurred off campus".
  25. absent: It mentions "a setting that occurred off campus" but names no specific threat.
• Locationpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Unanimous: a specific place is given, N. Main in the area of the Landmark.

  Where the threat is. Saying whether danger is in a specific building, a part of campus, or area-wide lets people judge their own proximity and choose a safe direction. Without a where, a warning is hard to act on precisely.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific place.
  2. present: It names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific place.
  3. present: It names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific location.
  4. present: It names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific place.
  5. present: It names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific location.
  6. present: It names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific place.
  7. present: Names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific street and place.
  8. present: It names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific place.
  9. present: Names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific place.
  10. present: It names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific place.
  11. present: Names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific location.
  12. present: It names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific location.
  13. present: It names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific place.
  14. present: Names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific location.
  15. present: Names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific location.
  16. present: Names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific street/place.
  17. present: Names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific place.
  18. present: It names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific location.
  19. present: It names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific place.
  20. present: It names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific location.
  21. present: Names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific place.
  22. present: It names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific place.
  23. present: It names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific place.
  24. present: Names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific location.
  25. present: It names "N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a specific place.
• Guidancepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  All reads agree the alert instructs recipients to stay clear of N. Main in the area, a protective action.

  The protective action to take. A clear, specific instruction, such as shelter in place, evacuate, avoid the area, or run-hide-fight, drives faster and more correct protective behavior than describing the threat alone.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It instructs recipients to "stay clear of N. Main in the area", a protective action.
  2. present: It instructs recipients to "stay clear of N. Main in the area".
  3. present: It instructs recipients to "stay clear of N. Main in the area".
  4. present: It instructs recipients to "stay clear of N. Main", a protective action.
  5. present: It instructs recipients to "stay clear of N. Main in the area of the Landmark".
  6. present: It instructs recipients to "stay clear of" the area, a protective action.
  7. present: Instructs recipients to "stay clear" of the area, a protective action.
  8. present: It tells recipients to "stay clear of N. Main in the area", a protective action.
  9. present: Instructs to "stay clear of N. Main in the area", a protective action.
  10. present: It instructs recipients to "stay clear of" the area, a protective action.
  11. present: Instructs recipients to "stay clear of N. Main in the area of the Landmark", a protective action.
  12. present: It tells recipients to "stay clear of N. Main in the area of the Landmark".
  13. present: It instructs recipients to "stay clear of N. Main in the area", a protective action.
  14. present: Instructs recipients to "stay clear of N. Main in the area", a protective action.
  15. present: Instructs recipients to "stay clear" of the area, a protective action.
  16. present: Instructs recipients to "stay clear of N. Main in the area", a protective action.
  17. present: Instructs recipients to "stay clear of" the named area.
  18. present: It instructs people to "stay clear of N. Main in the area", a protective action.
  19. present: It instructs recipients to "stay clear of N. Main in the area", a protective action.
  20. present: It tells recipients to "stay clear of N. Main in the area of the Landmark".
  21. present: Instructs recipients to "stay clear of" the area.
  22. present: It instructs recipients to "stay clear of N. Main in the area", a protective action.
  23. present: It instructs "stay clear of" the area, a protective action.
  24. present: Instructs recipients to "stay clear of N. Main", a protective action.
  25. present: It instructs recipients to "stay clear of" the area, a protective action.
• Timeabsent0/25

  Final assessment

  Unanimous: no clock time, date, or recency cue such as now appears.

  When the message applies. A timestamp, the word now or immediately, or a phrase like until further notice tells the reader whether the danger is current and how quickly to act.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue such as "now" appears.
  2. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  3. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue such as "now" or "immediately" appears.
  4. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  5. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue such as "now" or "immediately" appears.
  6. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue such as "now" or "immediately" appears.
  7. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  8. absent: No clock time, date, or recency word appears.
  9. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue such as "now" or "immediately" appears.
  10. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  11. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  12. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  13. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  14. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue such as now or immediately appears.
  15. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue such as "now" or "immediately" appears.
  16. absent: No clock time, date, or recency word appears in the message.
  17. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  18. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  19. absent: No clock time, date, or recency word appears in the text.
  20. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the message.
  21. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  22. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue such as "now" or "immediately" appears.
  23. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears.
  24. absent: No clock time, date, or recency cue appears in the text.
  25. absent: No clock time, date, or recency word appears.
• Impactabsent0/25

  Final assessment

  Absent, unanimous. Directs people to stay clear of an off-campus police investigation but names no hazard and states no harm or severity.

  What the hazard could do to the people in its path. Beyond naming the threat, a complete warning conveys its potential consequences or severity, such as that a tornado can level buildings or that a leak could be explosive, so recipients grasp how much danger they are in. Research on warning message content finds that a concrete impact statement helps people personalize their risk and act sooner.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: Asks people to stay clear while police investigate an off-campus setting without stating any harm or danger.
  2. absent: It asks people to stay clear while police investigate an off-campus setting but states no harm or severity.
  3. absent: It directs staying clear during an off-campus police investigation but states no harm or danger.
  4. absent: It asks people to stay clear while police investigate an off-campus setting and gives no statement of harm or danger.
  5. absent: Instructs staying clear while police investigate an off-campus setting with no stated harm or severity.
  6. absent: Instructs people to stay clear while police investigate an off-campus matter without stating any harm or severity.
  7. absent: Asks people to stay clear during an off-campus investigation but states no harm or danger.
  8. absent: It instructs staying clear while police investigate an off-campus shooting but states no consequence or stated danger to people.
  9. absent: Directs people to stay clear while police investigate an off-campus setting without stating any harm or severity.
  10. absent: It asks people to stay clear while police investigate an off-campus matter and states no harm or severity.
  11. absent: Directs staying clear while police investigate an off campus setting without stating any harm or consequence.
  12. absent: It advises staying clear while police investigate an off-campus setting without stating any danger or potential harm.
  13. absent: Asks people to stay clear while police investigate an off-campus matter without stating any harm or severity.
  14. absent: It asks people to stay clear while police investigate an off-campus setting but states no harm or consequence.
  15. absent: The text asks people to stay clear while police investigate a setting off campus and states no danger or harm.
  16. absent: Asks people to stay clear while police investigate an off-campus setting but states no hazard, harm, or severity.
  17. absent: It tells people to stay clear while police investigate an off-campus setting but states no danger or harm.
  18. absent: Directs staying clear while police investigate an off-campus shooting with no stated harm or severity conveyed.
  19. absent: Instructs staying clear while police investigate an off-campus situation without stating any harm, danger, or severity.
  20. absent: Instructs staying clear while police investigate an off-campus setting with no stated harm or severity.
  21. absent: Tells people to stay clear while police investigate an off-campus event with no statement of harm or severity.
  22. absent: Asks people to stay clear while police investigate an off-campus incident but states no danger or potential harm.
  23. absent: It tells people to stay clear while police investigate an off-campus matter without stating any harm or severity.
  24. absent: Asks people to stay clear while police investigate an off-campus setting without stating any harm or severity.
  25. absent: It tells people to stay clear while police investigate an off-campus setting but states no danger or harm.