Robbery at Subway, 902 S. State St. near Packard (off campus)

To check this alert, Claude Opus 5.5 (an AI) read it in full 25 separate times, independently. Each read decided whether the message answers each of the six questions and gave a short reason. A final reviewer then weighed all 25 and wrote the plain-English verdict you see when you open a row. The score (for example 22/25) is how many reads agreed; the 25 individual reads are tucked underneath if you want to check them.

• Sourcepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  All 25 reads agree the source is clear: it was "reported to the Ann Arbor Police" and "AAPD is investigating this incident" in a numbered U-M Crime Alert.

  Who is sending the alert and who is responding. People act faster on a message from a clearly identifiable, credible sender, such as a named department, the police, or a branded alert system, than on an anonymous notice. A branded signature counts.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It says the crime was "reported to the Ann Arbor Police" and that AAPD is investigating.
  2. present: It says 'As reported to the Ann Arbor Police' and 'AAPD is investigating'.
  3. present: It is a U-M "Crime Alert" stating the robbery was "reported to the Ann Arbor Police" and that "AAPD is investigating".
  4. present: It is a U-M 'Crime Alert' saying 'AAPD is investigating this incident'.
  5. present: It cites 'the Ann Arbor Police' and says 'AAPD is investigating this incident', naming the agency.
  6. present: It is a numbered U-M 'Crime Alert' citing the Ann Arbor Police as the investigating agency.
  7. present: It is 'Crime Alert 2020-02' and says 'AAPD is investigating this incident'.
  8. present: It says Ann Arbor Police reported the incident and 'AAPD is investigating', identifying the authority.
  9. present: It says the robbery was 'reported to the Ann Arbor Police' and that 'AAPD is investigating', naming the agency.
  10. present: It is a numbered 'Crime Alert' reporting what was told to the Ann Arbor Police, with AAPD investigating.
  11. present: Titled 'Crime Alert 2020-02', it says the matter was reported to the Ann Arbor Police and that 'AAPD is investigating'.
  12. present: It cites the Ann Arbor Police and says 'AAPD is investigating this incident'.
  13. present: The Crime Alert says 'As reported to the Ann Arbor Police' and that AAPD is investigating.
  14. present: It is 'Crime Alert 2020-02' and names the Ann Arbor Police and AAPD as investigating.
  15. present: It is "Crime Alert 2020-02" from U-M, citing Ann Arbor Police and AAPD.
  16. present: It cites 'the Ann Arbor Police' and 'AAPD is investigating', identifying the responsible agency.
  17. present: It says 'AAPD is investigating this incident' and references the Ann Arbor Police, identifying the authority.
  18. present: It says the robbery was 'reported to the Ann Arbor Police' and that 'AAPD is investigating'.
  19. present: It is labeled Crime Alert 2020-02 and says AAPD is investigating, naming the police agency.
  20. present: The 'Crime Alert 2020-02' says 'As reported to the Ann Arbor Police' and 'AAPD is investigating'.
  21. present: It says 'AAPD is investigating this incident', naming the Ann Arbor Police as the responding authority.
  22. present: It is 'Crime Alert 2020-02' citing the Ann Arbor Police and 'AAPD is investigating this incident'.
  23. present: It says 'As reported to the Ann Arbor Police' and 'AAPD is investigating this incident'.
  24. present: It is labeled 'Crime Alert 2020-02' and cites the Ann Arbor Police and AAPD, identifying the source.
  25. present: It is a numbered 'Crime Alert' noting that AAPD, the Ann Arbor Police, is investigating.
• Hazardpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Unanimous: it names a "Robbery" in which the suspect took the victim's phone and then "pulled out a knife".

  What the threat actually is. A complete warning names the specific danger, such as a shooter, a fire, a tornado, or a gas leak, rather than a vague emergency, because people decide what to do based on what they are facing.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It names a "Robbery" in which the suspect took a phone and "pulled out a knife".
  2. present: It names a 'Robbery' in which the suspect 'pulled out a knife'.
  3. present: It names a "Robbery" where a subject grabbed the victim's phone and then "pulled out a knife", a specific threat.
  4. present: It names a 'Robbery' in which a subject grabbed the victim and took his phone.
  5. present: It names a 'Robbery' in which the suspect grabbed a phone and then pulled out a knife.
  6. present: It names a 'Robbery' in which the suspect took a phone and pulled out a knife.
  7. present: It names a 'Robbery' in which the suspect took a phone and pulled out a knife.
  8. present: It names a Robbery in which the suspect took a phone and pulled a knife.
  9. present: It names a 'Robbery' in which the suspect took a phone and 'pulled out a knife', a specific threat.
  10. present: It names a 'Robbery' in which a subject took a phone and pulled out a knife.
  11. present: It names a 'Robbery' in which a subject grabbed a victim, took his phone, and later pulled a knife.
  12. present: It names a 'Robbery' in which the suspect took a phone and 'pulled out a knife'.
  13. present: It names a 'Robbery' in which a subject took a phone and pulled out a knife.
  14. present: It names a 'Robbery' in which the suspect took a phone and pulled out a knife.
  15. present: It names a "Robbery" in which the suspect grabbed a phone and then pulled out a knife.
  16. present: It names a 'Robbery' in which the suspect took a phone and 'pulled out a knife'.
  17. present: It names a 'Robbery' in which the suspect took a phone and pulled a knife, a specific crime.
  18. present: It names a 'Robbery' in which a phone was taken and the suspect pulled out a knife.
  19. present: It names a robbery in which a subject took a phone and then pulled out a knife.
  20. present: It names a 'Robbery' in which a suspect took a phone and pulled out a knife.
  21. present: It names a 'Robbery' in which the suspect took a phone and then 'pulled out a knife'.
  22. present: It names a 'Robbery' where a subject took a phone and later 'pulled out a knife'.
  23. present: It names a 'Robbery' in which the suspect took a phone and pulled out a knife.
  24. present: It names a 'Robbery' in which the subject took a phone and then pulled out a knife.
  25. present: It reports a 'Robbery' in which the suspect took a phone and pulled out a knife.
• Locationpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Unanimous: it places the robbery at a Subway restaurant, with the suspect fleeing west toward Elbel Field.

  Where the threat is. Saying whether danger is in a specific building, a part of campus, or area-wide lets people judge their own proximity and choose a safe direction. Without a where, a warning is hard to act on precisely.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It references a "Subway restaurant" and the suspect fleeing "west toward Elbel Field".
  2. present: It mentions 'a Subway restaurant' and the suspect fleeing 'west toward Elbel Field'.
  3. present: It places the robbery at "a Subway restaurant" and says the suspect fled "west toward Elbel Field".
  4. present: It places the robbery at 'a Subway restaurant' with the suspect fleeing 'west toward Elbel Field'.
  5. present: It names 'a Subway restaurant' as the scene and says the suspect fled 'west toward Elbel Field'.
  6. present: It places it at 'a Subway restaurant' with the suspect fleeing 'west toward Elbel Field'.
  7. present: It refers to 'a Subway restaurant' and the suspect fleeing 'west toward Elbel Field'.
  8. present: It references the Subway restaurant where the robbery began and the suspect fleeing west toward Elbel Field.
  9. present: It locates the robbery at 'a Subway restaurant' with the suspect fleeing 'west toward Elbel Field'.
  10. present: It places the robbery at 'a Subway restaurant', with the suspect fleeing 'west toward Elbel Field'.
  11. present: The robbery began as the victim entered 'a Subway restaurant', and the suspect fled 'toward Elbel Field'.
  12. present: It mentions 'a Subway restaurant' and the suspect fleeing 'west toward Elbel Field'.
  13. present: It occurred at 'a Subway restaurant' and the suspect fled 'west toward Elbel Field'.
  14. present: It mentions 'a Subway restaurant' and the suspect fleeing 'west toward Elbel Field'.
  15. present: It names "a Subway restaurant" and says the suspect fled west toward Elbel Field.
  16. present: It places the robbery at 'a Subway restaurant' with the suspect fleeing 'west toward Elbel Field'.
  17. present: It locates the robbery at 'a Subway restaurant' with the suspect fleeing 'west toward Elbel Field'.
  18. present: It names 'a Subway restaurant' and says the suspect fled 'west toward Elbel Field'.
  19. present: It occurred at a Subway restaurant and the suspect fled west toward Elbel Field.
  20. present: It mentions 'a Subway restaurant' and the suspect fleeing 'west toward Elbel Field'.
  21. present: It places the robbery at a 'Subway restaurant' and says the suspect fled west toward Elbel Field.
  22. present: It places the robbery at 'a Subway restaurant', with the suspect fleeing 'west toward Elbel Field'.
  23. present: It names 'a Subway restaurant' and says the suspect fled 'west toward Elbel Field'.
  24. present: It places the robbery at 'a Subway restaurant' with the suspect fleeing 'toward Elbel Field'.
  25. present: It names a 'Subway restaurant' and says the suspect fled west toward 'Elbel Field'.
• Guidancepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  All 25 reads find guidance in the reminders, such as "Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times" and calling 9-1-1 or using a blue light phone if threatened.

  The protective action to take. A clear, specific instruction, such as shelter in place, evacuate, avoid the area, or run-hide-fight, drives faster and more correct protective behavior than describing the threat alone.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It lists protective steps such as "Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times".
  2. present: It advises 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times' and to call 9-1-1 if threatened.
  3. present: It advises "Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times" and to call 9-1-1 if threatened, which are protective actions.
  4. present: It advises 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times' and to call 9-1-1 if threatened.
  5. present: It advises 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times' and walking with a friend.
  6. present: It advises 'Keep rooms and apartments locked' and to call 9-1-1 if threatened.
  7. present: It advises readers to 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times' and walk with a trusted friend.
  8. present: It lists actions such as 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times' and calling 9-1-1.
  9. present: It advises readers to 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times' and call 9-1-1 if threatened.
  10. present: It advises readers to 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times' and walk with a trusted friend.
  11. present: It advises 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times' and 'Walk with a trusted friend or co-worker'.
  12. present: It advises 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times' and walking with a trusted friend.
  13. present: It advises readers to 'Keep rooms and apartments locked' and call 9-1-1 if threatened.
  14. present: It lists actions like 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times' and walking with a friend.
  15. present: It advises "Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times" and calling 9-1-1 if threatened.
  16. present: It advises 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times' and to call 9-1-1 if threatened.
  17. present: It advises 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times', a protective action.
  18. present: It advises 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times' and to call 9-1-1 if threatened.
  19. present: It advises keeping rooms locked, walking with a friend, and calling 9-1-1 from a blue light phone if threatened.
  20. present: It advises 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times' and walking with a friend.
  21. present: It lists actions such as 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times' and to call 9-1-1 if threatened.
  22. present: It advises 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times' and to walk with a trusted friend.
  23. present: It lists actions like 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times' and to call 9-1-1 if threatened.
  24. present: It tells recipients to 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times' and call 9-1-1 if threatened.
  25. present: It advises readers to 'Keep rooms and apartments locked at all times' and use blue light phones.
• Timeabsent0/25

  Final assessment

  Unanimous: the alert gives no date, clock time, or recency cue for the robbery.

  When the message applies. A timestamp, the word now or immediately, or a phrase like until further notice tells the reader whether the danger is current and how quickly to act.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: The alert gives no date, clock time, or recency cue for the robbery.
  2. absent: No date, clock time, or recency cue appears anywhere in the description of the Subway robbery.
  3. absent: This crime alert gives no date, clock time or recency word for when the robbery happened.
  4. absent: The alert gives no date or clock time for when the robbery happened.
  5. absent: No date, clock time, or recency cue for the robbery at the Subway appears in this alert.
  6. absent: It gives no date or clock time for the robbery near the Subway restaurant.
  7. absent: No date, clock time, or recency word appears anywhere in the alert text.
  8. absent: The alert gives no date, clock time, or recency term for the robbery.
  9. absent: There is no date, clock time, or recency cue for when the robbery happened.
  10. absent: Apart from the alert number, the text gives no date, clock time, or recency cue.
  11. absent: No date, clock time, or recency word is provided for the robbery or the alert.
  12. absent: Beyond the alert number, it gives no date, clock time, or recency cue.
  13. absent: The alert gives no date, clock time, or recency cue for the Subway robbery.
  14. absent: The text contains no date, clock time, or recency word.
  15. absent: No date, clock time, or recency cue is given for this robbery.
  16. absent: No date, clock time or recency cue appears in this robbery alert.
  17. absent: No date, clock time, or recency word appears for the robbery at the Subway restaurant.
  18. absent: No date or time of the robbery is given, only a generic 'check back regularly' line.
  19. absent: The alert gives no date, clock time, or recency cue for the robbery.
  20. absent: No date, clock time, or recency word is given for the robbery.
  21. absent: No date, clock time, or recency cue indicates when the robbery happened.
  22. absent: It gives no date, clock time, or recency word for the robbery.
  23. absent: The alert gives no date, clock time, or recency word for the robbery.
  24. absent: It gives no date, clock time, or recency word for the robbery.
  25. absent: No date or clock time is given for the robbery or the alert.
• Impactabsent2/25

  Final assessment

  Near-unanimous (23 of 25): it narrates the phone grab and knife but states no injury or severity; two dissenters read "pulled out a knife" as conveying a threat of serious harm.

  What the hazard could do to the people in its path. Beyond naming the threat, a complete warning conveys its potential consequences or severity, such as that a tornado can level buildings or that a leak could be explosive, so recipients grasp how much danger they are in. Research on warning message content finds that a concrete impact statement helps people personalize their risk and act sooner.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: A knife was shown but no injury or explicit severity is stated.
  2. absent: A knife is shown but no injury or explicit danger is stated.
  3. absent: It describes a knife being pulled but reports no injury and states no potential consequence for recipients.
  4. present: It says the suspect 'pulled out a knife', which conveys a serious threat of harm.
  5. absent: A knife was displayed but no injury, danger, or consequence is stated.
  6. absent: The knife is described as part of the robbery, but no injury or severity is stated.
  7. absent: It mentions a knife being pulled but states no injury or potential consequence to anyone.
  8. absent: A knife was pulled, but no injury or explicit consequence or severity is stated.
  9. absent: It describes the knife but does not state any injury or consequence for recipients.
  10. absent: It mentions a knife but conveys no stated injury or consequence of the robbery.
  11. present: It says the suspect 'grabbed him from behind' and then 'pulled out a knife', conveying a threat of serious harm.
  12. absent: It reports a knife displayed but states no injury or explicit severity to people.
  13. absent: A knife was displayed but no injury or explicit severity is stated.
  14. absent: The knife was pulled but the text reports no injury and no explicit severity statement.
  15. absent: The knife is described but no injury or explicit severity is stated for the victim or others.
  16. absent: Although a knife is shown, no injury or explicit statement of danger or severity appears.
  17. absent: It mentions the suspect pulled a knife but reports no injury or explicit severity statement.
  18. absent: The knife was displayed but no injury or explicit severity statement accompanies the report.
  19. absent: A knife was displayed but no injury, danger statement, or consequence is described.
  20. absent: A knife was displayed, but no injury or explicit consequence is stated.
  21. absent: It mentions a knife but reports no injury and makes no statement of severity or potential consequence.
  22. absent: It mentions a knife being pulled but reports no injury and states no explicit severity.
  23. absent: It notes a knife was pulled but states no injury, harm, or severity.
  24. absent: It mentions a knife being pulled but states no injury or consequence.
  25. absent: It mentions a knife but states no injury or explicit consequence for people.