Off-campus armed robbery reported near campus

To check this alert, Claude Opus 5.5 (an AI) read it in full 25 separate times, independently. Each read decided whether the message answers each of the six questions and gave a short reason. A final reviewer then weighed all 25 and wrote the plain-English verdict you see when you open a row. The score (for example 22/25) is how many reads agreed; the 25 individual reads are tucked underneath if you want to check them.

• Sourcepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, unanimously: it is labeled a "Security Bulletin" and names the Ann Arbor Police Department as investigating.

  Who is sending the alert and who is responding. People act faster on a message from a clearly identifiable, credible sender, such as a named department, the police, or a branded alert system, than on an anonymous notice. A branded signature counts.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It is a 'Security Bulletin' naming the Ann Arbor Police Department as investigating.
  2. present: It says "The Ann Arbor Police Department is investigating" and appears as a Security Bulletin, identifying an authority.
  3. present: It names the Ann Arbor Police Department as the investigating agency in a Security Bulletin.
  4. present: It names 'The Ann Arbor Police Department' as the agency investigating this off-campus armed robbery.
  5. present: It says 'The Ann Arbor Police Department is investigating', naming the responsible agency in this Security Bulletin.
  6. present: As a 'Security Bulletin', it names 'The Ann Arbor Police Department' as the investigating agency.
  7. present: It is a 'Security Bulletin' naming the Ann Arbor Police Department as the investigating agency.
  8. present: The "Security Bulletin" names the Ann Arbor Police Department as the investigating agency.
  9. present: It names 'The Ann Arbor Police Department' as the investigating agency in this Security Bulletin.
  10. present: It is a 'Security Bulletin' naming the Ann Arbor Police Department as the investigating agency.
  11. present: It is a 'Security Bulletin' citing 'The Ann Arbor Police Department' as the investigating agency.
  12. present: It says 'The Ann Arbor Police Department is investigating' in a U-M Security Bulletin.
  13. present: It is a 'Security Bulletin' stating 'The Ann Arbor Police Department is investigating', naming the agency.
  14. present: It is a U-M 'Security Bulletin' naming the Ann Arbor Police Department.
  15. present: It names "The Ann Arbor Police Department" as investigating.
  16. present: It says 'The Ann Arbor Police Department is investigating', naming the responsible agency.
  17. present: It is a 'Security Bulletin' and names the Ann Arbor Police Department.
  18. present: It is a "Security Bulletin" and names the Ann Arbor Police Department as investigating.
  19. present: It says 'The Ann Arbor Police Department is investigating', naming the responsible agency.
  20. present: It says 'The Ann Arbor Police Department is investigating' the robbery, naming the responsible agency.
  21. present: It is a 'Security Bulletin' naming the Ann Arbor Police Department as investigating, which identifies the authority.
  22. present: It says 'The Ann Arbor Police Department is investigating', naming the responding agency.
  23. present: The Security Bulletin says 'The Ann Arbor Police Department is investigating', naming the responsible agency.
  24. present: The "Security Bulletin" names "The Ann Arbor Police Department" as the agency investigating the robbery.
  25. present: It says 'The Ann Arbor Police Department is investigating' under a 'Security Bulletin' heading, naming the agency.
• Hazardpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, unanimously: it names an "armed robbery" in which the suspect "brandished a handgun".

  What the threat actually is. A complete warning names the specific danger, such as a shooter, a fire, a tornado, or a gas leak, rather than a vague emergency, because people decide what to do based on what they are facing.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It describes an 'armed robbery' where the suspect 'brandished a handgun'.
  2. present: It names an "armed robbery" in which the suspect "brandished a handgun", a specific threat.
  3. present: It names an 'Off-Campus Armed Robbery' where the suspect 'brandished a handgun'.
  4. present: It reports an 'armed robbery' in which the suspect 'brandished a handgun'.
  5. present: It reports an 'Off-Campus Armed Robbery' where the suspect 'brandished a handgun'.
  6. present: It reports 'an armed robbery' at a business where the suspect 'brandished a handgun' and robbed the establishment.
  7. present: It reports 'an armed robbery' in which the suspect 'brandished a handgun', a specific threat.
  8. present: It reports "an armed robbery" in which the suspect "brandished a handgun".
  9. present: It describes 'an armed robbery' in which the suspect 'brandished a handgun', a specific crime.
  10. present: It reports 'an armed robbery' in which the suspect 'brandished a handgun', a specific armed threat.
  11. present: It reports 'an armed robbery' in which the suspect 'brandished a handgun', a specific threat.
  12. present: It names an 'armed robbery' where the suspect 'brandished a handgun' at the BTB establishment, a specific crime threat.
  13. present: It reports an 'armed robbery' in which the suspect 'brandished a handgun'.
  14. present: It names 'an armed robbery' where the suspect 'brandished a handgun'.
  15. present: It reports "an armed robbery" where the suspect "brandished a handgun".
  16. present: It reports an 'armed robbery' in which the suspect 'brandished a handgun'.
  17. present: It reports an 'armed robbery' where the suspect 'brandished a handgun'.
  18. present: It reports "an armed robbery" in which a suspect "brandished a handgun".
  19. present: It reports an 'armed robbery' in which the suspect 'brandished a handgun'.
  20. present: It reports an 'armed robbery' in which the suspect 'brandished a handgun', a specific threat.
  21. present: It reports an 'armed robbery' in which the suspect 'brandished a handgun', which is a specific armed threat.
  22. present: It reports an 'armed robbery' where the suspect 'brandished a handgun', a specific armed threat.
  23. present: It reports 'an armed robbery' in which the suspect 'brandished a handgun'.
  24. present: It reports "an armed robbery" in which the suspect "brandished a handgun," a specific armed threat.
  25. present: It reports 'an armed robbery' where the suspect 'brandished a handgun', a specific threat.
• Locationpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, unanimously: it gives "BTB (810 S. State St.)" as the location.

  Where the threat is. Saying whether danger is in a specific building, a part of campus, or area-wide lets people judge their own proximity and choose a safe direction. Without a where, a warning is hard to act on precisely.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It gives 'BTB (810 S. State St.)' as the location.
  2. present: It places the armed robbery "at BTB (810 S. State St.)", a specific business and street address.
  3. present: It locates the robbery at 'BTB (810 S. State St.)'.
  4. present: It gives 'BTB (810 S. State St.)' as the location of the armed robbery.
  5. present: It gives 'BTB (810 S. State St.)', a named business with a street address, as the robbery location.
  6. present: It gives 'BTB (810 S. State St.)' as the address of the robbed business, a specific location.
  7. present: It places the armed robbery at 'BTB (810 S. State St.)', a specific business address.
  8. present: The robbery occurred "at BTB (810 S. State St.)", which is a specific street address.
  9. present: It places the armed robbery at 'BTB (810 S. State St.)', a named business with a street address.
  10. present: It places the armed robbery 'at BTB (810 S. State St.)', a specific business and street address.
  11. present: The robbery occurred 'at BTB (810 S. State St.)', a specific address.
  12. present: It places the robbery 'at BTB (810 S. State St.)', which gives a named business and street address near campus.
  13. present: It places the armed robbery 'at BTB (810 S. State St.)', which is a specific address.
  14. present: It gives 'BTB (810 S. State St.)' as the location.
  15. present: It gives "BTB (810 S. State St.)".
  16. present: It locates the armed robbery at 'BTB (810 S. State St.)', a named business with a street address.
  17. present: It gives 'BTB (810 S. State St.)' as the location.
  18. present: It gives the robbery location as "BTB (810 S. State St.)", a specific business address near campus.
  19. present: It places the armed robbery at 'BTB (810 S. State St.)', a named business and street address.
  20. present: It places the robbery 'at BTB (810 S. State St.)', a specific address.
  21. present: It gives 'BTB (810 S. State St.)' as the establishment that was robbed, which is a precise street address.
  22. present: It places the armed robbery 'at BTB (810 S. State St.)', a specific business address.
  23. present: It places the robbery 'at BTB (810 S. State St.)'.
  24. present: It places the robbery "at BTB (810 S. State St.)," a named business at a street address.
  25. present: It locates the robbery 'at BTB (810 S. State St.)'.
• Guidanceabsent1/25

  Final assessment

  Absent, by near consensus (24 of 25): the only request is to contact the tip line with information, which aids police rather than protecting recipients; one dissent counted it.

  The protective action to take. A clear, specific instruction, such as shelter in place, evacuate, avoid the area, or run-hide-fight, drives faster and more correct protective behavior than describing the threat alone.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: It asks only for tips from anyone with information and gives no protective instruction.
  2. absent: It only asks people with information to contact a tip line, which is not a protective action.
  3. absent: It only asks those with information to contact the tip line, with no protective action.
  4. absent: It only asks people with information to contact a tip line and gives no protective action.
  5. absent: It only asks people with information to contact the tip line, not to take any protective action.
  6. absent: It only offers a tip line for information, with no protective instruction.
  7. absent: It only asks people with information to contact the tip line and gives no protective action.
  8. absent: It only asks those with information to contact the tip line and offers no protective action.
  9. absent: It only asks those with information to contact the tip line, with no protective action for recipients.
  10. absent: It only asks people with information to contact the AAPD tip line, giving no protective action.
  11. absent: It only asks people with information to contact the tip line and gives no protective action for readers.
  12. absent: It only asks people with information to contact the tip line and gives no protective action.
  13. absent: It only asks people with information to contact the tip line, with no protective action for recipients.
  14. present: It asks anyone with information to 'contact the Ann Arbor Police Department Tip Line'.
  15. absent: It only asks those with information to contact a tip line, with no protective action.
  16. absent: It only asks those with information to contact the tip line and gives no protective action.
  17. absent: It only asks people with information to call a tip line and gives no protective action.
  18. absent: It only asks those with information to contact the tip line and gives no protective action.
  19. absent: It only asks people with information to contact the tip line, with no protective action.
  20. absent: It only asks people with information to contact the tip line, giving no protective action for recipients.
  21. absent: It only asks people with information to contact the tip line, giving no protective action.
  22. absent: It only asks people with information to contact the AAPD tip line, which is not a protective action.
  23. absent: It only asks people with information to contact the tip line, giving no protective action.
  24. absent: It only requests information via the AAPD tip line; no protective action is instructed.
  25. absent: It asks only that people with information contact the tip line and gives no protective action for recipients.
• Timepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, unanimously: it states the robbery occurred "on August 15 at around 3:15 a.m." and is dated August 15, 2018.

  When the message applies. A timestamp, the word now or immediately, or a phrase like until further notice tells the reader whether the danger is current and how quickly to act.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It gives 'August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.'.
  2. present: It gives "August 15 at around 3:15 a.m." as the time of the robbery.
  3. present: It gives 'August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.'.
  4. present: It states the robbery occurred 'on August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.', a date and time.
  5. present: It says 'on August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.' and is dated August 15, 2018.
  6. present: It gives 'August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.' and dates the bulletin 'August 15, 2018', conveying timing.
  7. present: It says the robbery occurred 'on August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.'
  8. present: It occurred "on August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.", and the bulletin is dated August 15, 2018.
  9. present: It gives 'August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.' and the bulletin date.
  10. present: It says the robbery occurred 'on August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.' and is dated August 15, 2018.
  11. present: It says the robbery happened 'on August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.'.
  12. present: It gives 'August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.' and the bulletin date 'August 15, 2018'.
  13. present: It says the robbery happened 'on August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.'
  14. present: It gives 'August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.'.
  15. present: It gives "August 15 at around 3:15 a.m."
  16. present: It gives 'August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.' and the bulletin date.
  17. present: It says the robbery was 'on August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.' and is dated August 15, 2018.
  18. present: It gives the robbery time as "August 15 at around 3:15 a.m." and the bulletin is dated August 15, 2018.
  19. present: It says the robbery occurred 'on August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.'.
  20. present: It says the robbery occurred 'on August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.'
  21. present: It gives 'August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.' as the time of the robbery, a clear date and clock time.
  22. present: It says the robbery occurred 'on August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.'
  23. present: It says the robbery occurred 'on August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.'
  24. present: It says the robbery occurred "on August 15 at around 3:15 a.m." and is dated August 15, 2018.
  25. present: It says the robbery occurred 'on August 15 at around 3:15 a.m.'.
• Impactabsent0/25

  Final assessment

  Absent, unanimously: it describes the robbery but states no harm or severity beyond the crime itself.

  What the hazard could do to the people in its path. Beyond naming the threat, a complete warning conveys its potential consequences or severity, such as that a tornado can level buildings or that a leak could be explosive, so recipients grasp how much danger they are in. Research on warning message content finds that a concrete impact statement helps people personalize their risk and act sooner.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: It states no harm or severity beyond the robbery itself.
  2. absent: It states no injury, danger, or other consequence of the armed robbery.
  3. absent: It describes the robbery but states no consequence or severity.
  4. absent: It describes the handgun robbery but does not describe any potential harm or severity to readers.
  5. absent: It describes the handgun robbery of the establishment without stating any injury, danger, or severity to people.
  6. absent: It describes the handgun robbery factually without stating any potential harm or severity to the community.
  7. absent: It describes the handgun robbery but states no consequence or severity for recipients.
  8. absent: It names the armed robbery but reports no injuries or statement of severity.
  9. absent: It does not describe any danger or consequence beyond the facts of the robbery.
  10. absent: It describes the handgun robbery but states no consequence or severity for readers.
  11. absent: It describes the handgun robbery but never states potential harm or severity to the community.
  12. absent: It states no injuries or potential consequences from the armed robbery, and gives no word such as 'dangerous' about the suspect.
  13. absent: It describes the robbery without stating potential injury or severity for readers.
  14. absent: No injury, danger level, or consequence is stated.
  15. absent: It reports the robbery but states no injury or severity.
  16. absent: It describes the handgun robbery but states no consequence or severity for recipients.
  17. absent: It states no injuries, danger level or consequence beyond the robbery itself.
  18. absent: The bulletin mentions a handgun but states no injury, danger level, or potential consequence of the armed robbery.
  19. absent: No injury, danger, or potential consequence is described beyond the robbery itself.
  20. absent: It describes the handgun robbery but states no injuries, danger, or severity to the community.
  21. absent: It reports a handgun robbery of a business but states no injury, danger level, or potential consequence to people.
  22. absent: It names the handgun but gives no statement of injuries or potential harm.
  23. absent: The handgun robbery is described but no potential harm or severity is stated.
  24. absent: No consequence or severity of the handgun robbery, such as danger to the public, is stated in the bulletin.
  25. absent: It describes the handgun robbery but states no injury or potential consequence for readers.