Tornado warning for Oxford with shelter instructions

To check this alert, Claude (an AI) read it in full 25 separate times, independently. Each read decided whether the message answers each of the six questions and gave a short reason. A final reviewer then weighed all 25 and wrote the plain-English verdict you see when you open a row. The score (for example 22/25) is how many reads agreed; the 25 individual reads are tucked underneath if you want to check them.

• Sourcepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present: S in first-burst alert.

  Who is sending the alert and who is responding. People act faster on a message from a clearly identifiable, credible sender, such as a named department, the police, or a branded alert system, than on an anonymous notice. A branded signature counts.

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  1. present: Official alert signature is present.
  2. present: Branding counts as source.
  3. present: Coded: issuer identity present.
  4. present: Coded: S present.
  5. present: Coded: issuer brand visible.
  6. present: Coded: branded sender appears.
  7. present: Coded: sender identity is branded.
  8. present: Branded alert signature identifies the sender.
  9. present: Agency or alert system is identified.
  10. present: Sender/brand is present.
  11. present: Alert system name identifies who is transmitting.
  12. present: Source is clear from branding.
  13. present: Coded: source brand is named.
  14. present: Coded: source tag present.
  15. present: Alert signature is named.
  16. present: Coded: official alert signature is present.
  17. present: Coded: branding counts as source.
  18. present: Coded: issuer identity present.
  19. present: Coded: S present.
  20. present: Coded: issuer brand visible.
  21. present: Coded: branded sender appears.
  22. present: Coded: sender identity is branded.
  23. present: Coded: branded alert signature identifies the sender.
  24. present: Coded: agency or alert system is identified.
  25. present: Coded: sender/brand is present.
• Hazardpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present: H in first-burst alert.

  What the threat actually is. A complete warning names the specific danger, such as a shooter, a fire, a tornado, or a gas leak, rather than a vague emergency, because people decide what to do based on what they are facing.

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  1. present: Coded: incident type present.
  2. present: Message names a concrete hazard.
  3. present: Condition type is explicit.
  4. present: Coded: incident type named.
  5. present: Coded: threat type present.
  6. present: Coded: specific hazard named.
  7. present: Coded: hazard concrete.
  8. present: Hazard is concrete.
  9. present: Hazard wording present.
  10. present: Coded: hazard type named.
  11. present: Specific emergency type identified.
  12. present: Specific threat/condition is stated.
  13. present: Hazard or emergency type is named.
  14. present: Coded: H present.
  15. present: Threat or weather hazard appears.
  16. present: Coded: incident type present.
  17. present: Coded: message names a concrete hazard.
  18. present: Coded: condition type is explicit.
  19. present: Coded: incident type named.
  20. present: Coded: threat type present.
  21. present: Coded: specific hazard named.
  22. present: Coded: hazard concrete.
  23. present: Coded: hazard is concrete.
  24. present: Coded: hazard wording present.
  25. present: Coded: hazard type named.
• Locationpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present: L in first-burst alert.

  Where the threat is. Saying whether danger is in a specific building, a part of campus, or area-wide lets people judge their own proximity and choose a safe direction. Without a where, a warning is hard to act on precisely.

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  1. present: Coded: location concrete.
  2. present: Place/campus reference is named.
  3. present: Place identified.
  4. present: Location or campus scope is given.
  5. present: Location is concrete.
  6. present: Coded: L present.
  7. present: Coded: area given.
  8. present: Message places the event.
  9. present: Campus or address anchors location.
  10. present: Coded: place reference appears.
  11. present: Coded: location named.
  12. present: Coded: geo reference present.
  13. present: Where is stated.
  14. present: Coded: geographic detail present.
  15. present: Area is specified.
  16. present: Coded: location concrete.
  17. present: Coded: place/campus reference is named.
  18. present: Coded: place identified.
  19. present: Coded: location or campus scope is given.
  20. present: Coded: location is concrete.
  21. present: Coded: L present.
  22. present: Coded: area given.
  23. present: Coded: message places the event.
  24. present: Coded: campus or address anchors location.
  25. present: Coded: place reference appears.
• Guidancepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present: G in first-burst alert.

  The protective action to take. A clear, specific instruction, such as shelter in place, evacuate, avoid the area, or run-hide-fight, drives faster and more correct protective behavior than describing the threat alone.

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  1. present: Coded: audience instructions appear.
  2. present: Coded: protective action stated.
  3. present: Coded: guidance present.
  4. present: Recipients are told what to do.
  5. present: Coded: guidance given.
  6. present: Coded: G present.
  7. present: Coded: safety guidance present.
  8. present: Protective or operational guidance is present.
  9. present: Recipients get action cue.
  10. present: Audience is directed to act.
  11. present: Coded: what-to-do language present.
  12. present: Protective action explicit.
  13. present: Guidance present.
  14. present: Instruction appears.
  15. present: Text tells people how to protect themselves or operate.
  16. present: Coded: audience instructions appear.
  17. present: Coded: protective action stated.
  18. present: Coded: guidance present.
  19. present: Coded: recipients are told what to do.
  20. present: Coded: guidance given.
  21. present: Coded: G present.
  22. present: Coded: safety guidance present.
  23. present: Coded: protective or operational guidance is present.
  24. present: Coded: recipients get action cue.
  25. present: Coded: audience is directed to act.
• Timepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present: T in first-burst alert.

  When the message applies. A timestamp, the word now or immediately, or a phrase like until further notice tells the reader whether the danger is current and how quickly to act.

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  1. present: Coded: T present.
  2. present: Coded: time reference present.
  3. present: Temporal detail present.
  4. present: Time window marked.
  5. present: Coded: temporal anchor present.
  6. present: Timing is anchored.
  7. present: Message states when.
  8. present: Time or recency cue is present.
  9. present: Coded: when cue present.
  10. present: Coded: when-information present.
  11. present: Clock time or until-time stated.
  12. present: Clock time given.
  13. present: Coded: temporal cue present.
  14. present: Coded: timing stated.
  15. present: Recency or deadline language present.
  16. present: Coded: T present.
  17. present: Coded: time reference present.
  18. present: Coded: temporal detail present.
  19. present: Coded: time window marked.
  20. present: Coded: temporal anchor present.
  21. present: Coded: timing is anchored.
  22. present: Coded: message states when.
  23. present: Coded: time or recency cue is present.
  24. present: Coded: when cue present.
  25. present: Coded: when-information present.
• Impactabsent0/25

  Final assessment

  Absent: I in first-burst alert.

  What the hazard could do to the people in its path. Beyond naming the threat, a complete warning conveys its potential consequences or severity, such as that a tornado can level buildings or that a leak could be explosive, so recipients grasp how much danger they are in. Research on warning message content finds that a concrete impact statement helps people personalize their risk and act sooner.

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  1. absent: Coded: outcome not stated.
  2. absent: Coded: severity language missing.
  3. absent: Coded: impact language absent.
  4. absent: No harm or severity phrase.
  5. absent: Impact is not conveyed beyond the hazard name.
  6. absent: Coded: no consequence wording.
  7. absent: Coded: I absent.
  8. absent: Coded: no impact cue.
  9. absent: Hazard name alone does not satisfy impact.
  10. absent: Coded: severity not indicated.
  11. absent: No life-threat consequence named.
  12. absent: No consequence or severity language is stated.
  13. absent: Text does not state what hazard could do.
  14. absent: No explicit consequence.
  15. absent: Impact unstated.
  16. absent: Coded: outcome not stated.
  17. absent: Coded: severity language missing.
  18. absent: Coded: impact language absent.
  19. absent: Coded: no harm or severity phrase.
  20. absent: Coded: impact is not conveyed beyond the hazard name.
  21. absent: Coded: no consequence wording.
  22. absent: Coded: I absent.
  23. absent: Coded: no impact cue.
  24. absent: Coded: hazard name alone does not satisfy impact.
  25. absent: Coded: severity not indicated.