Winter weather MU Alert campus operations notice

To check this alert, Claude Opus 5 (an AI) read it in full 25 separate times, independently. Each read decided whether the message answers each of the six questions and gave a short reason. A final reviewer then weighed all 25 and wrote the plain-English verdict you see when you open a row. The score (for example 22/25) is how many reads agreed; the 25 individual reads are tucked underneath if you want to check them.

• Sourcepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, 25 of 25. Both dated entries are attributed to "University of Missouri officials", and Gary Ward, "vice chancellor of operations", is quoted directly in each.

  Who is sending the alert and who is responding. People act faster on a message from a clearly identifiable, credible sender, such as a named department, the police, or a branded alert system, than on an anonymous notice. A branded signature counts.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: University of Missouri officials announce it and the vice chancellor of operations is quoted.
  2. present: "University of Missouri officials" and the vice chancellor of operations are identified as the source.
  3. present: "University of Missouri officials" and the vice chancellor of operations are named as the source.
  4. present: "University of Missouri officials" are quoted as announcing the decision.
  5. present: "University of Missouri officials" and vice chancellor Gary Ward are named as sources.
  6. present: The notice is attributed to "University of Missouri officials" and Gary Ward, vice chancellor of operations.
  7. present: "University of Missouri officials" and the vice chancellor of operations are the stated sources.
  8. present: "University of Missouri officials" and vice chancellor Gary Ward are named as the source.
  9. present: "University of Missouri officials" and Gary Ward, vice chancellor of operations, are identified.
  10. present: University of Missouri officials are named as the source, with a quote from vice chancellor Gary Ward.
  11. present: "University of Missouri officials" and vice chancellor Gary Ward are named as source.
  12. present: "University of Missouri officials" and the vice chancellor of operations are named.
  13. present: "University of Missouri officials" issue it, with Gary Ward quoted by title.
  14. present: "University of Missouri officials" and vice chancellor Gary Ward speak as the source.
  15. present: "University of Missouri officials" and Gary Ward, vice chancellor of operations, are named.
  16. present: University of Missouri officials, quoted by the vice chancellor of operations, are the source.
  17. present: "University of Missouri officials" and vice chancellor Gary Ward are named as the source.
  18. present: "University of Missouri officials" and the vice chancellor of operations are identified as speaking.
  19. present: University of Missouri officials issue it, quoting vice chancellor Gary Ward.
  20. present: "University of Missouri officials" and vice chancellor Gary Ward are named as the source.
  21. present: Attributed to "University of Missouri officials" with a quote from the vice chancellor of operations.
  22. present: "University of Missouri officials" announce the decision, with the vice chancellor of operations quoted.
  23. present: "University of Missouri officials" and vice chancellor Gary Ward are quoted as the source.
  24. present: "University of Missouri officials" and vice chancellor Gary Ward are named as sources.
  25. present: "University of Missouri officials" issue it and vice chancellor Gary Ward is quoted directly.
• Hazardpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, 25 of 25. The hazard is concrete residual ice: "roads and sidewalks have been plowed, but covered areas and slick spots remain", following "a winter weather advisory we just received for our area".

  What the threat actually is. A complete warning names the specific danger, such as a shooter, a fire, a tornado, or a gas leak, rather than a vague emergency, because people decide what to do based on what they are facing.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It names winter conditions specifically: plowed roads with "covered areas and slick spots".
  2. present: It names a "winter weather advisory" with plowed roads and remaining "slick spots".
  3. present: The hazard is winter weather leaving "slick spots" and a "winter weather advisory".
  4. present: It names a "winter weather advisory" and residual ice: "slick spots remain".
  5. present: The hazard is winter weather with "slick spots" and a winter weather advisory.
  6. present: Winter weather with plowed roads and "slick spots" is the specific hazard described.
  7. present: A "winter weather advisory" plus snow, ice and "slick spots" name the hazard.
  8. present: Winter weather with "slick spots" and covered pavement is the named hazard.
  9. present: The hazard is winter ice: "slick spots remain" under a winter weather advisory.
  10. present: It identifies winter weather leaving "slick spots" and ice on pavements as the hazard.
  11. present: Snow and ice conditions with "slick spots" are the named weather hazard.
  12. present: It describes winter weather and that "covered areas and slick spots remain" on campus.
  13. present: It names a "winter weather advisory" and the resulting snow, "slick spots" and covered pavement.
  14. present: It cites a "winter weather advisory" and remaining ice as "slick spots".
  15. present: The hazard is winter weather leaving "slick spots" and a winter weather advisory.
  16. present: It names winter weather with "slick spots" and plowed but covered pavement.
  17. present: It names a winter weather advisory with "slick spots" and unplowed covered areas.
  18. present: It cites a "winter weather advisory" with plowed roads and remaining "slick spots".
  19. present: A winter weather advisory with plowed roads and remaining slick spots is the named hazard.
  20. present: It describes winter weather with plowed roads and remaining "slick spots".
  21. present: Names a "winter weather advisory" and describes snow, plowed roads and "slick spots".
  22. present: A "winter weather advisory" with snow, ice and "slick spots" is the named hazard.
  23. present: The hazard is icy conditions: "covered areas and slick spots remain" after the storm.
  24. present: It names winter weather advisory conditions with "slick spots" and covered pavement.
  25. present: It describes snow and ice conditions, "slick spots remain" and a winter weather advisory.
• Locationpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, 25 of 25. The affected ground is specified as the campus itself, its plowed "roads and sidewalks", "all pavements", and the driving routes people take to campus.

  Where the threat is. Saying whether danger is in a specific building, a part of campus, or area-wide lets people judge their own proximity and choose a safe direction. Without a where, a warning is hard to act on precisely.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: Campus roads and sidewalks and the campus itself are identified as the affected places.
  2. present: It refers to campus sidewalks, pavements, and roads leading to campus.
  3. present: Conditions are described on "campus", its pavements and sidewalks.
  4. present: Conditions described are on "campus", its pavements, roads, and sidewalks.
  5. present: It refers to the campus, its pavements, sidewalks, and roads.
  6. present: It concerns movement on campus, campus sidewalks and roads into Columbia.
  7. present: It refers to the campus, its sidewalks and pavements as the affected place.
  8. present: It refers to "on campus", roads and sidewalks at the university.
  9. present: It refers to moving "on campus" and driving to campus in Columbia.
  10. present: The affected area is the campus, its roads and sidewalks.
  11. present: Roads, sidewalks and pavements "on campus" are specified.
  12. present: It refers to moving "on campus" and to roads and sidewalks there.
  13. present: It speaks of moving "on campus", roads and sidewalks at the university.
  14. present: It refers to campus roads, sidewalks and pavements as the affected area.
  15. present: Conditions are described on campus, its pavements and sidewalks.
  16. present: Campus roads and sidewalks are the named location.
  17. present: Conditions described are on campus roads, sidewalks and pavements.
  18. present: It refers to the campus, its pavements, roads and sidewalks.
  19. present: Campus pavements, sidewalks and driving routes to campus are the places described.
  20. present: It refers to moving "on campus" and driving to campus, a clear where.
  21. present: Concerns "campus" pavements, sidewalks and roads to campus.
  22. present: It describes conditions on campus, its roads and sidewalks.
  23. present: It concerns moving "on campus", its pavements, roads and sidewalks.
  24. present: It describes conditions on campus roads, sidewalks and pavements.
  25. present: It covers movement "on campus", roads and sidewalks that have been plowed.
• Guidancepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, 25 of 25. Readers are told to "use caution while moving on campus", to "plan ahead, leave early and allow plenty of time for travel", and to "proceed cautiously on all pavements".

  The protective action to take. A clear, specific instruction, such as shelter in place, evacuate, avoid the area, or run-hide-fight, drives faster and more correct protective behavior than describing the threat alone.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It tells people to "use caution while moving on campus" and to "plan ahead, leave early".
  2. present: It tells people to "use caution while moving on campus" and to "plan ahead, leave early".
  3. present: Readers are told to "use caution while moving on campus" and to "leave early".
  4. present: Readers are told to "use caution while moving on campus" and to "plan ahead, leave early".
  5. present: It warns people to "use caution while moving on campus" and to "leave early" when driving.
  6. present: It warns people to "use caution while moving on campus" and to "plan ahead, leave early".
  7. present: Readers are warned to "use caution while moving on campus" and to "leave early".
  8. present: It warns people to "use caution while moving on campus" and to leave early and allow travel time.
  9. present: It warns people to "use caution" and to "plan ahead, leave early and allow plenty of time".
  10. present: It directs people to "use caution while moving on campus" and to leave early when driving.
  11. present: Readers are told to "use caution while moving on campus" and to "plan ahead, leave early".
  12. present: Readers are warned to "use caution while moving on campus" and to "plan ahead, leave early".
  13. present: Readers are warned to "use caution", "plan ahead, leave early" and "proceed cautiously on all pavements".
  14. present: It warns readers to "use caution while moving on campus" and to leave early.
  15. present: It tells people to "use caution while moving on campus" and to "plan ahead, leave early".
  16. present: It tells people to use caution, plan ahead, leave early and allow travel time.
  17. present: Readers are told to "use caution," plan ahead, leave early and proceed cautiously.
  18. present: It warns people to "use caution while moving on campus" and to "plan ahead, leave early".
  19. present: Readers are told to use caution, plan ahead, leave early and proceed cautiously on all pavements.
  20. present: It tells people to "use caution", "plan ahead, leave early" and proceed cautiously.
  21. present: Warns people to "use caution while moving on campus" and to "plan ahead, leave early".
  22. present: It warns people to "use caution while moving on campus" and to "plan ahead, leave early".
  23. present: It warns people to "use caution", plan ahead, leave early, and proceed cautiously.
  24. present: It warns readers to "use caution while moving on campus" and to "plan ahead, leave early".
  25. present: It warns people to "use caution while moving on campus" and to "plan ahead, leave early".
• Timepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, 25 of 25. Two datelines, "Jan. 20, 2016" and "Jan. 19, 2016", anchor the sequence, and the cancellation decision is promised "by 5 a.m. tomorrow morning".

  When the message applies. A timestamp, the word now or immediately, or a phrase like until further notice tells the reader whether the danger is current and how quickly to act.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: Entries are dated Jan. 20 and Jan. 19, 2016, with a "5 a.m. tomorrow" decision point.
  2. present: Dated entries for "Jan. 20, 2016" and "Jan. 19, 2016" with a 5 a.m. decision point.
  3. present: Dated entries for "Jan. 20, 2016" and "Jan. 19, 2016" with a 5 a.m. decision point.
  4. present: Dated "Jan. 20, 2016" and "Jan. 19, 2016" with a 5 a.m. decision point.
  5. present: Entries are dated Jan. 19 and Jan. 20, 2016 with a 5 a.m. decision time.
  6. present: Two dated entries, Jan. 19 and Jan. 20, 2016, with a 5 a.m. decision point.
  7. present: Two dated entries, Jan. 20 and Jan. 19, 2016, with a 5 a.m. decision point.
  8. present: It carries the dates Jan. 20 and Jan. 19, 2016 and refers to "today".
  9. present: Two dated entries, "Jan. 20, 2016" and "Jan. 19, 2016", anchor the timing.
  10. present: Both Jan. 19 and Jan. 20, 2016 entries are dated, with operations resuming "today, Wednesday".
  11. present: Both Jan. 19 and Jan. 20, 2016 entries carry dates and a 5 a.m. decision time.
  12. present: Both "Jan. 20, 2016" and "Jan. 19, 2016" sections carry dates and a 5 a.m. decision point.
  13. present: It is dated Jan. 19 and Jan. 20, 2016, with a 5 a.m. decision time.
  14. present: Dates "Jan. 20, 2016" and "Jan. 19, 2016" with a 5 a.m. decision point are given.
  15. present: Entries are dated "Jan. 20, 2016" and "Jan. 19, 2016" with a 5 a.m. decision point.
  16. present: Dated entries for Jan. 19 and Jan. 20, 2016 with a 5 a.m. decision point.
  17. present: Two dated entries, Jan. 20 and Jan. 19, 2016, with a 5 a.m. decision point.
  18. present: Dated "Jan. 20, 2016" and "Jan. 19, 2016", with "today" and "the remainder of the evening".
  19. present: It carries the dates Jan. 19 and Jan. 20, 2016 with a 5 a.m. decision point.
  20. present: Dated Jan. 20 and Jan. 19, 2016, with a 5 a.m. decision point.
  21. present: Carries the dates Jan. 19 and Jan. 20, 2016 and specifies decisions by "5 a.m.".
  22. present: Two datelines, Jan. 20 and Jan. 19, 2016, plus a 5 a.m. decision time.
  23. present: Dated Jan. 20 and Jan. 19, 2016, with "today" and a 5 a.m. decision point.
  24. present: Dated Jan. 19 and Jan. 20, 2016 with a 5 a.m. decision time.
  25. present: Dated entries for "Jan. 20, 2016" and "Jan. 19, 2016" with a 5 a.m. decision point.
• Impactpresent18/25

  Final assessment

  Present, 18 of 25. Warning that "The campus is passable, but pedestrians and drivers should proceed cautiously" over slick spots conveys fall and crash risk. Seven reads dissented, wanting an explicit injury or crash consequence.

  What the hazard could do to the people in its path. Beyond naming the threat, a complete warning conveys its potential consequences or severity, such as that a tornado can level buildings or that a leak could be explosive, so recipients grasp how much danger they are in. Research on warning message content finds that a concrete impact statement helps people personalize their risk and act sooner.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: Slick conditions are mentioned but no injury, crash or other consequence is stated.
  2. present: The cancellation is made "out of concern for the safety of our students, staff and faculty", signalling risk of harm.
  3. present: It warns the campus is only "passable" with slick spots, implying a falling and driving hazard.
  4. present: Warning that pavements are slick and urging caution conveys a fall or crash risk.
  5. absent: Slick conditions are described but no injury, crash, or severity consequence is stated.
  6. present: Saying pavements remain slick and pedestrians should "proceed cautiously" conveys a real risk of falls and crashes.
  7. present: It warns that "covered areas and slick spots remain" and cites concern for people's safety.
  8. present: Warning that pedestrians and drivers should proceed cautiously because slick spots remain conveys a falling or crash risk.
  9. present: It notes pavements remain slick and cites "concern for the safety of our students, staff and faculty".
  10. present: Warning that covered areas and slick spots remain, and citing safety concern, conveys a slipping and crash risk.
  11. absent: It warns conditions are slick but never states what could happen, such as falls or crashes.
  12. absent: Slick pavement is named but no fall, crash, or injury consequence is spelled out.
  13. present: Saying the campus is only "passable" with slick spots remaining conveys a real slip and crash risk.
  14. absent: Slick spots are noted but no injury or damage consequence is spelled out.
  15. present: Warning that slick spots remain and citing concern for safety conveys a risk of falls or crashes.
  16. present: It warns pavements remain slick and cites concern for student and staff safety.
  17. absent: Slickness is noted but no injury, crash or damage consequence is spelled out.
  18. present: Noting that "covered areas and slick spots remain" and citing concern for safety conveys a fall or crash risk.
  19. present: Slick spots plus concern for the safety of students and staff conveys a risk of falls and crashes.
  20. present: Slick pavement plus "concern for the safety of our students, staff and faculty" conveys injury risk.
  21. absent: Says the campus is "passable" and asks for caution without stating any consequence of a fall or crash.
  22. present: Warning that "slick spots remain" and citing "concern for the safety" conveys risk of falls and crashes.
  23. present: Slick pavement plus "concern for the safety of our students, staff and faculty" conveys injury risk.
  24. present: It says the decision was made "out of concern for the safety of our students, staff and faculty" amid slick spots.
  25. present: It says pedestrians and drivers should "proceed cautiously" because slick spots remain, conveying a fall or crash risk.